#NEXUS [!This data set was downloaded from TreeBASE, a relational database of phylogenetic knowledge. TreeBASE has been supported by the NSF, Harvard University, Yale University, SDSC and UC Davis. Please do not remove this acknowledgment from the Nexus file. Generated on July 11, 2025; 14:08 GMT TreeBASE (cc) 1994-2008 Study reference: Liljeblad J., & Ronquist F. 1998. A phylogenetic analysis of higher-level gall wasps relationships (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Systematic Entomology, 28(3): 229-252. TreeBASE Study URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S1570] BEGIN TAXA; TITLE Taxa1; DIMENSIONS NTAX=41; TAXLABELS Andricus Antistrophus Asiocynips_lugubris Asiocynips_pannucea Aulacidea_kerneri Aulacidea_phlomica Aulacidea_tragopogonis Aulacidea_verticillica Aylax Barbotinia Biorhiza Cecconia Ceroptres Diastrophus Diplolepis Eschatocerus Euceroptres Gonaspis Hedickiana Himalocynips Ibalia Iraella Isocolus Liposthenes Neaylax Neuroterus Panteliella Paramblynotus Pediaspis Periclistus Phanacis_centaureae Phanacis_hypochoeridis Phanacis_phlomidis Plagiotrochus Pseudomelanips Rhodus Synergus Synophromorpha Timaspis Vetustia Xestophanes ; END; BEGIN CHARACTERS; [! TreeBASE Matrix URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/matrix/TB2:M1220] TITLE Table_3; LINK TAXA = Taxa1; DIMENSIONS NCHAR=166; FORMAT DATATYPE=Standard SYMBOLS= "a b c d e f g h i j" MISSING=- GAP= ?; CHARSTATELABELS 1 Shape_of_clypeus_ventrally / projecting_over_mandibles not_projecting, 2 Shape_of_ventral_clypeal_margin / Straight_or_rounded Median_incision, 3 'Clypeo-pleurostomal lines' / Present Absent, 4 'Direction of clypeo-pleurostoma' / Ventrally_diveriging Ventrally_converging, 5 Epistomal_sulcus / Present Absent, 6 Distance_between_anterior_tento / Long Short, 7 Facial_strigae / Reaching_compound_eye Reaching_past_0.7_of_distance_t Not_reaching_past_0.6_of_distan Absent, 8 Subocular_impression / Absent Present, 9 Carina_from_ventral_margin_of_a / Absent Present, 10 Surface_of_upper_face / Flat Slightly_raised Distinctly_raised, 11 Antennal_rim / Distinctly_widened_lateroventra Not_widended, 12 Antennal_socket / Small Large, 13 Orbits / Flat Impressed, 14 Transition_between_eye_and_face / 'Smooth, face rising to eye' 'Smooth, face not rising' Abrupt, 15 Sculpture_on_vertex / Regularly_polygonal Erased Punctate, 16 Regular_sculpture_on_vertex / Concave Flat Convex, 17 Median_hairy_strip_of_gula / Broad Narrow Absent, 18 Ventral_part_of_hypostoma / Not_projecting_from_cranial_mar Distinctly_projecting, 19 Position_of_gular_ridges / United_well_before_hypostomata 'Free, but meeting' 'Free, well separated', 20 Appearance_of_gular_sulci / Distinctly_marked Indistinct Absent, 21 Distinctness_of_gular_sulci / Raised Reduced, 22 Distance_occipital_and_oral_for / Short Long, 23 Position_of_posterior_tentorial / High Low, 24 Shape_of_posterior_tentorial_pi / Rounded Slitlike, 25 Depression_laterad_hypostomata / Absent Present, 26 Ridge_from_hypostomata / Absent Present, 27 Posterior_surface_of_cranium / Distinctly_impressed Almost_flat, 28 Shape_of_occiput_medially / Flat Sharply_impressed 'Broadly, gradually impressed', 29 Sculpture_on_occiput / Transversely_wrinkled Not_wrinkled, 30 Shape_of_odontoidea / 'Narrow, pointed' 'Broader, more rounded', 31 Teeth_on_mandibles / Three Two, 32 Basal_swelling_of_anterior_side / Small Large, 33 Dorsal_margin_of_uppper_tooth_o / Evenly_rounded Produced_into_an_extra_tooth, 34 Posterior_ventral_surface_of_ma / Horizontal Oblique, 35 Oval_window / Large Small_or_absent, 36 Prementum_and_stipes / Short Elongate, 37 Carina_on_stipes / Present Absent, 38 Cardo / Large_part_visible_posteriorly Small_part_visible_posteriorly Not_visible_posteriorly, 39 Apical_peg_of_palps / Long_and_narrow Short_and_broad, 40 4th_and_5th_segment_of_maxillar / Free_articulation Rigid_insertion_of_5th_in_4th Fused, 41 Second_segment_of_maxillary_pal / Short Long, 42 First_segment_of_maxillary_palp / Subrectangular Triangular, 43 No._of_segments_of_labial_palp / Three_normal 'Three, 2nd reduced' Two, 44 First_segment_of_labial_palp / Long Short, 45 Female_flagellomeres / 10 11 12 13, 46 Length_of_F1 / Short Long, 47 Male_flagellomeres / 13 12 11, 48 Modified_part_of_F1 / Present Absent, 49 Longitudinal_ridge_on_F1 / Absent Present, 50 Length_of_F1 / Short Long, 51 Shape_of_pronotum / Long_medially Intermediate Short Very_short, 52 Anteroventral_margin_of_pronotu / Evenly_rounded Medially_incised, 53 Anterior_flange_of_pronotum / 'Long, horizontal' 'Short, oblique', 54 Admedian_depressions_of_pronotu / Separated United, 55 Shape_of_admedian_depressions / Round Oval Linear, 56 Dorsal_pronotal_margin / Sharp Blunt, 57 Dorsal_pronotal_area / Present_and_exposed Absent_or_hidden, 58 Sculpture_on_pronotal_plate / 'Glabrous-glabrate and shining' Coriarious_and_dull, 59 Lateral_margin_of_posterior_par / Marked_entirely Marked_only_ventrally, 60 Lateral_pronotal_carina / Present Absent, 61 Ridges_on_laterally_on_pronotum / Lacking Some_irregular_in_lower_half Many_regular, 62 Sculpture_laterally_on_pronotum / At_least_superficially_sculptur Laregely_glabrous, 63 Pronotal_surface_laterodorsally / More_or_less_vertical Broad_dorsal_strip_inflected Gradually_curved_inwards_dorsal, 64 Ventral_corner_of_spiracular_in / Pointed Rounded, 65 Lateroventral_margin_of_pronotu / Concave Straight, 66 Subventral_impression_of_pronot / Narrow_and_distinct Broad_and_shallow, 67 Position_of_profurcal_pit / Anterior_to_middle_of_furcaster At_or_behind_middle, 68 Shape_of_profurcal_pit / 'Rounded, small' 'Transverse, large', 69 Lateral_profile_of_mesoscutum_a / Not_recurved Recurved, 70 Anterior_mesoscutal_margin / 'Angled laterally, narrow medial' 'Angled lat., truncate med.' Evenly_rounded_throughout, 71 Incision_anteriorly_at_end_of_a / Absent Present, 72 Impression_mesad_parascutal_car / Ending_in_front_of_tegula Continuing_to_notaulus, 73 Anterolateral_mesoscutal_margin / Mesoscutal_margin_not_projectin Mesoscutal_margin_projecting_ov, 74 Mesoscutum_midlaterally / Slightly_rounded Distinctly_rounded Conspicuously_rounded, 75 Sculpture_of_mesoscutum / Glabrous 'Shining coriarious-racemose to' Dull, 76 Transverse_ridges_of_mesoscutum / Present Absent, 77 Pubescence_on_mesoscutum / As_dense_as_on_pronotum Distinctly_less_dense Almost_bare, 78 Lateral_bar / Present Absent, 79 Posterodorsal_margin_of_axillul / Not_marked Distinctly_marked, 80 Posterior_part_of_axillular_sur / Shallowly_impressed Deeply_impressed, 81 Axillar_carina / Distinct Indistinct_or_absent, 82 Subaxillular_bar / 'Broad, vertical' 'Narrow, horizontal', 83 Shining_strip_posterodorsally / Dorsal_projection_absent Dorsal_projection_present, 84 Notauli / Percurrent_and_distinct 'Percurrent, anterior half indis' Absent_in_anterior_half_only Absent, 85 Median_mesoscutal_impression / 'Present, extendingly' 'Present, slightly' Absent, 86 Scutellar_foveae / Present Absent, 87 Sculpture_in_foveae / Glabrous_to_glabrate Finely_coriarious, 88 Posteromedian_scutellar_impress / Absent 'Present, round and margined', 89 Ventral_surface_of_mesopectus / Protruding_ventrally Not_protruding_ventrally, 90 Lateral_part_of_mesopectus / Long_and_low Intermediate Short_and_high, 91 Specular_sculpture / Glabrous Reticulate_to_rugulose 'Regularly costulate-strigate', 92 Direction_of_regular_costulae_o / Horizontal Obliquely_downwards, 93 Below_mesopleural_triangle / No_regular_sculpture 'Regular, closely set striae' 'Regular, reticulate', 94 Ventral_border_of_mesopleural_t / Clearly_set_off Diffuse, 95 Posterior_subalar_pit / 'Large, deep' 'Small, shallow', 96 Lower_half_of_mesopleural_trian / Smooth_or_irregular Strigate, 97 Mesopectus_ventrally / Only_slightly_bulging Prominently_bulging, 98 Acetabular_carina_medially / Absent 'Distinct, slightly raised' 'Distinct, strongly raised', 99 Carina_from_mesocoxal_foramen / Absent Present, 100 Rim_surrounding_mesocoxal_foram / Narrow_throughout Expanded_posteriorly, 101 Position_of_mesocoxal_foramen / Removed_from_posterior_margin Close_to_posterior_margin, 102 Metascutellum / Subrectangular Constricted_medially, 103 Bar_ventral_to_metanotal_trough / At_least_partly_smooth Covered_with_irregular_sculptur, 104 Shape_of_metanotal_trough / 'Narrow, apically rounded' 'Broad, apically truncate', 105 Anterior_end_of_metapleural_sul / Low High, 106 'Distance metepimeron-metepister' / Short Intermediate Long, 107 Carina_from_calyptra / Present Absent, 108 Lateral_propodeal_carina / Present Absent, 109 Shape_of_lateral_propodeal_cari / Narrow Broad, 110 Length_of_nucha_dorsally / Long Short, 111 Posterodorsal_edge_of_nucha / Rounded Angled, 112 Position_of_metacoxal_foramen / Removed_from_anterior_margin Closer_to_anterior_margin, 113 Blunt_projection_from_metasubpl / Absent Present, 114 Position_of_metafurcal_pit / Anteriorly Posteriorly, 115 'Petiolar-metecoxal triangle' / Narrow Broad, 116 Position_of_petiolar_foramen / Anteriorly Posteriorly, 117 Carina_on_procoxa / Absent Present, 118 'Anterior, lateral crest of proc' / Present Absent, 119 Annular_girdle_of_procoxa / Posteriorly_just_touching_margi Posteriorly_following_margin, 120 Mesocoxa_anteriorly / Strongly_protruding Less_strongly_protruding, 121 Annular_girdle_of_mesocoxa / Distinctly_set_off Posteriorly_continuous_with_cox, 122 Laterobasal_hump_on_mesocoxa / Absent Present, 123 Mesofemur / Same_width_throughout Distinctly_widened_subbasally, 124 Metatarsal_claw / Slightly_bent Strongly_bent, 125 Subapical_seta_on_metatarsal_cl / Absent Present, 126 Pubescence_on_metacoxa / Two_distinct_lateral_bands Less_distinct_bands More_evenly_pubescent, 127 Vertical_strigae_on_metacoxa / Absent Present, 128 Carina_on_metatibia / Absent Present, 129 Shape_of_2r / Simple Prominent_vein_stump_projecting, 130 Length_of_2r / Long Intermediate Short, 131 Direction_of_R1_laterad_2r / Perpendicular_to_wing_margin More_oblique, 132 Extent_of_R1_at_marginal_cell / Tubular_along_entire_margin Tubular_only_along_basal_part Ending_close_to_anterior_margin Ending_before_anterior_margin, 133 Areolet / Present Absent, 134 Length_of_basalis / Short Long, 135 'Position of Rs+M on basalis' / Low High, 136 'Bulla in R1+Sc' / Absent Present, 137 'Angle R+Sc—R1+Sc' / No_change_in_direction Distinctly_angled, 138 'M at junction with 2r-m' / Distinctly_angled Straight, 139 'Hair-fringe along margin' / Present Absent, 140 Size_of_3tg / Small Intermediate Large, 141 Anterior_margin_of_3tg / Straight Upcurved, 142 Posterior_margin_of_3tg / Vertical Oblique, 143 Pubescence_on_3tg / Very_sparse 'Dense hair-patch', 144 3tg_and_4tg / Free_sclerites Fused, 145 Posterior_margin_of_4tg / Straight Rounded_incision_medially, 146 Sculpture_of_5tg / Glabrous Closely_and_distinctly_punctate, 147 Anterior_margin_of_5tg / Deeply_notched_medially Straight, 148 Flange_of_petiole / Absent 'Present, slightly projecting' 'Present, distinctly projecting', 149 Pubescence_on_petiolar_flange / Nude Marginal_hair_fringe, 150 Protuberance_on_petiole / Absent Present, 151 Sternal_apodeme_of_3st / Distinct Indistinct, 152 Apex_of_ventral_spine / Not_prominent Prominent, 153 Ventral_hairs_on_7st / Same_as_on_8tg Distinctly_longer, 154 Vental_margin_of_metasoma / 'Oblique, rounded' Distinctly_angled, 155 Dorsal_margin_of_9tg / Straight Curved, 156 Position_of_cercus / Close_to_apex_of_9tg Removed_from_apex_of_9tg, 157 Insertion_of_cercus / Directly_attached In_a_wide_membrane, 158 Third_valvula / Broadened_apically Not_broadened_apically, 159 Length_of_terebra / Long Intermediate Short, 160 Length_of_third_valvula / Short Long, 161 Structure_of_9tg / 'Brown, sclerotized' 'Opaque, membranous', 162 Apical_part_of_aedeagus / Slightly_expanded_subapically Distinctly_expanded, 163 Length_of_paramere / Long Short, 164 Basidorsal_margin_of_parameral / Distinctly_incised Weakly_incised, 165 Life_history / Nonalternating_generations Alternating_generations, 166 Host_plant_family / Asteraceae Papaveraceae Rosaceae Lamiaceae Valerianaceae Fagaceae Fabaceae Aceraceae, ; MATRIX [ 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 ] [ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] Andricus a{ab}aaaacaab{ab}abcaccaabaaaababcabb{ab}baaabbbaaa{ab}a{bc}baaaadbbb-bbabbbabababaaaabba{bc}b{ab}aaaabbacaaabbaaaaa{ab}abaaba{ab}aaabababbabaabbabbaababaa{ab}cbcabbbbbacba{ab}abbba-abbbbbbaabaabbabf Antistrophus b-ababcaaaa?abaababaaaabbabbaaabaaaaabacaaaabab???aababbbbbbaacbaaaaaaaaaccbaabbbabcbababbbacaaaabaabbaaacbaaaaaaaaabbaaaabaaaaaabbcbaabb-bcabaaabbcaaaaaaaaabca????aa Asiocynips_lugubris aaaaaabaaabaacac???????????aa??b???a????????cb????bbbacabacbbaab?a??adaaaacbabaa?abdbaaabcbaabaaa????baabaab-aa??????b?a?aaa?baaa{ab}aaab?babbcaaaaab?????aaa?abb?b????a? Asiocynips_pannucea aaaaaaaaaabaacaa?aaaaba?b?b????b???aa?a?????bb????a?bacab?cbbaabaa??adaaaacaab?aaa?dcaaabbbacbaaa????baabaab-aa??????b?a?aaa?baaaaaaaa?babbbaaaaab?????aaa?abb?a????a? Aulacidea_kerneri aaaabacaaaaaabab????????????????????????????bba???a?baaabaabaaaaaa??aaaaaabbbabbaababaaabbcabaaaa????baaaaaaaaa??????b?b?abaaaaaabbcbabbb-ababbaaa???a?aaa?aab?b????ad Aulacidea_phlomica aaaaaaaaaaaaabaa???????????????b????????????aa????abbabababbbaaaaa??aaaaaa?baabab?a{ab}?aaabbcabaaaa???a???bbaabaa?????bb?a?abbaaaaabaaaabbbbbbabbaaa?{bc}???aab?abb?b????ad Aulacidea_tragopogonis aaaaaaaaaaaaabaabaacaaabbabaaaabaaaaaaaaaaaabab???abbabababbaaaaaaaaaaaaaacbaaaaaaaaaaaabbcabaaaabaaabaaabaabaaaaaaabbaaaabaaaaaababaabbbbabaabaabbbaaaaabaabbaa????aa Aulacidea_verticillica aaaaaaaaaaaaabaa????????????a???????????????aa????a?babababbbaaa?a??aaaaaacbbabaaabcbaaabbcbbaaaa???a???acaa?aa?????bb?a?aba?aaaabbbaaabbbababaaaa?????aab?aa??a????ad Aylax abaaaacaaabaababbabaaaabaababaabbaabacaaaaaacaabaacbbabababbaaaaaaaaadaaaacbaabababaaaaabbaabaaaabaabbaaaaaaaaaaaababbabaabaabaaabbcabbbbbacaabaaaba-baaaaaaabbaaabbab Barbotinia b-ababaaaaa?abaaaacaaaaaaabbaaabaaabacaaaaaacaabaacbbabababbbaabaaaaaaaaaacbaabaaabaaaaabbbaaaaaabaabbaaaababaaaaaaabbaaaabaaaaaabbbabbbbbabaaaababcabaaaabaaabbaabbab Biorhiza abaaaadbacbbbcaccacaaabaaabcabbabbbabcbbbacacbaabadbbb-bbabbbabbbabbababbaabcaaaabbabaaabbaaaaababaababbaabaaabbabaaabbbbaabacaabcbcaabbbaacbaaaaaaa-abbbbbaaacaabaabf Cecconia b-ababaaaaaaabaa????????????b???????????????bab??abbbababbbbaacaaa??aaaaaccbaabbaabccababbcabaaaa????baaabbaaaa??????b?aaabaaaaaabbcbaabb-acabba?a?c?a?aab?aa??a????ae Ceroptres b-b-baaabaaaacacbaacababbbbabaabaaaaaaaaabbbaaa???babababaabaaaaaaaaaabaaacbaabaaabbbaaabaaaaaaaacaaabaabababaabababbbaaaabbbaaaaabaabbbbaaaaababbbcbabaabbaabbb????af Diastrophus abb-bababaaaacb-ba-cbaaababbababaaaaabaaaaaabbbabaaabaaabaabcaaaaaaaaaaabbabcabbaababaaabbaaaaaaabaabaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabbaaaabbbaaaabbcaabbbaabaaaaaabcaaaaaabaabcaaabaac Diplolepis aaaaaadaaababcaccaacaaaaaababbbbbbaabcaaaacacbbaabdabb-bbacbbaabbabbbcabaacbabaabaabcaaabbaaabaaaaaabaabaaab-bbaaababbaabaaaaaabbbababbbbaacbaaaaaba-abaaaaaaaba????ac Eschatocerus aaaabadba-babcaacaacaaabaabab-bba?bab-a---cabbcbabdbb--bbbcbaaabbabbbca-aacb-baab--dcb-abcbacbba-aaaba--aabb-b-baabaab-a-aaaabaaabbdb--ab-bcaaaab-ba-aba-aa?abcaababag Euceroptres abaaaaaaaaaaaac-baaaaaaababaaaabaaaaaaaaaaaacaaabaabbabaaabaaaa?aaaaaaaaaacaaabaaaaaaaaabaaaaaaaabaabaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabbaaaabbaaabaaaaababaaacbbaaabbbaaaaaaaaaacaaaaaaf Gonaspis b-b-baaabaaaabb-ba-cbaaababbababaaaaabaaaaaacbbabaaabaaabaabcaaaaaaaaaaaababcabaaabaaaaabbaaaaaaacaabbaaaaaaaaaaaaabbbaaaabbbaababbcaabbbaababaaaaba-aaaaabaabcaaabaac Hedickiana b-ababaaaaaaaaaa?????a??babab??????b???a????aabaaaabbababbbbaaaaaa??aaaaabcbaabbaabcbababbbabaaaa???bbaaabaaaaa??????b?aaabaaaaaabbcaabbbabcabaaab??aa?aab?aa??a????ad Himalocynips aaaaaadaacbbacb-cac????aaab????b???a?c???aaadb????abbaabbaabbbaabb??abbabaabbabbabbaab-bbbaaabaabba?baabaaaaaaba??aa?baa?baaacaaabbcba-bb-abbaaaa-?a-a?aba?aa??a?????? Ibalia aaaaaaaaaaaaaac-aaaaaaaaaaaa??aaaaaaaaaaaaaabaa{ab}abaaaab-aabaaaaa-aaaaaaaaaaabaaaa-aaaaaaaaaabbabaaaa-aaaaaaaaaa-a---aaaaaaaaacaa---ababaaaabaaaaaaaa-aaaaaa??aaaaaaaa- Iraella abaaaadaaabaabaababbaaabaababaabbaabacaaaaaaca{ab}???cbbabababbaaabbaaaaaaaaacbaaaababbaababcbacaaaabaabbbaaaaaaaaaaababbaaaaaaacaaabbcabbbbbabaabaaaba-aaaaaaaaaca????ab Isocolus abaaaabaaaaaabaabaabaaabbbbaaaabaaaaaaaaaaaababbaaabbabababbaaaaaaaaaaaaaacaaaaabaaacaaabbcabaaaabaaabaaabaabaaaaaaabaaaaabaaabaabacaabbabbbaaaaabbbaaaaabaabbaaaaabaa Liposthenes abaaaadaaaababaccacaaaaababbabbbaaaaabaabaaababbaaaabaaabaabcaaaaaaaabaaaabbcabbaababaaabbcabaaaabaabbbaaaaaaaaaaaaabaaaaabaaabaabbcbabbb-acabbaaabcaaaaaaaaabcaaaaaad Neaylax b-ababaaaaaaaaaabaaaaaabbabaaaabaaabaaaaaaaaaa{ab}???abbaaabbbbaaaaaaaaaaaaaacbaabbaabacababb{bc}abaaaabaabbbaabaaaaaaaaaabbaaaabaaaaaabbcaabbbaababaaabba-aaaabaaabba????ad Neuroterus aaaabadbacbbbcaccacaaabaaabcbbbabbbabcbcbacadba???dabb-abacbbabababbababbaabcbaaabadcaaabcaaabbaaaaababbaabaab-babbaabbbbaabacaaacbcaabbaaacaaaaaaaa-abbbabbaaaa????bf Panteliella aaaaaadaaabaacaa??b?aaa????a??aba?aa????????caa???b?babababbbaca?a??aaaaabcbaabababcaaaab{bc}cbbaaba???bb?abbaa?????aa????a?aba?aaaacbcbabbb-acaaaa?b?????aaabaabca????ad Paramblynotus abaaaaaaacaaaaaabaaaaaaaaaaabbabaaaaabaaaaaaba{ab}baaaaaabaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa--aaaaaaaaaabaaacaabaa-b-aabaaaaaa-abaaaabaaaaaaaabbbbaa-abaaaaaaacaaaaaaaaabaaa???a- Pediaspis aaaaaacababbacb-cabaaaaaaabbbbbbbbaabcbaaa{ac}acbababbbbaa?babbababbbbaababbaabbabbabbaab-bbbaaabaabbaababbaaaaaabaaaaabbaabbaaabaaabbcaabbbaacbaaaaaba-abababaaacaaabbbh Periclistus b-b-baaaaaaaacacbbacababbbbabbabaaaaaaaaababaababaaabababaabbaaaaaaaabbaaacbaabaaabbbaaabbcabaaaacbbabaabaaaaaabbbabbbaaaabbbaaaaabaabbbabaaaabbbbbcbaaaabaabbbbbaaaac Phanacis_centaureae aaaaaacaaabaacaaaaacababbababaabbbaaaaaaaaaabbb???abbacabacbaaabbaaaadaaaacbabaaaabccaaabcbacbbaaaaabbaabaaaaabaaababbaaaabaabaaaaababbbbaabbaaaaaba-aaaaabaaaca????aa Phanacis_hypochoeridis aaabbaaaaabaababbabbaaabbababaababaaaaaaaabacab???abbacabacbaaaabaaaadaaabcbabbaaabcbaaabcbacbaaaaaabbabbaaaaaaaaababbaaaabaabaaaabbabbbbbacbaaaaabaaaaabaaaaaacaa??aa Phanacis_phlomidis aaaaaacaaabaacaa???????????ab??b???a????????bb????a?bacabacbaaab?a??adaaabcbabaa?abdcaaabcbacbbaa????baabaab-aa??????b?a?aa???a?aaaaab?bbbabbaaaaa?????aaa?a?b?b????ad Plagiotrochus aaaaaaaaabbabcabcaabaaaaaabcabbabbaabcbaaabacaaaabdabb-abacbaabbbabaaaabbabbcaaabbbbbaaabc{ab}aabaabbaababbaabaabbbabba?babbaaaabaaacbcaabbbaacbaaaaaaa-aba-abbabcaabbabf Pseudomelanips b-aaaaaaaaaaabaa???????????????b????????????bbbbaaabbbbaaababaaa?-??aaaaaacbaabaaaacbaaabbcaaaaaa?a??aabaaaaaaaa?????a?aaaba?aabaaaaababaaacbbaaab???-?aa??aab?b????ab Rhodus b-abaaaaaaaaaaaa????????????a??????????a????babaaaa?bababbbbaaaaaa??aaaaabcbaabbbabcbababbcabaaaa????baaacaaaab??????b?aaabaaabaabbcbbabb-bcabaaaa?caa?aab?aab?a????ad Synergus b-b-baaaaaaaacacbbacababbababbabaaaaaaaaababcbaabbcabababababaaaaaaaabbaaacaaaaaaabbbaaabacabaaaacbbabaabaaabaabbbabbaaaaabbbaaaaabaabbbaaaaaaabbbbcbaaaabaabbabbaaaaf Synophromorpha b-b-aaaabaaaacb-baababaabbbbbbabaaaaaaaaababaababaaabaaabaabaaaaaaaaaabaaaabcaaaaabbbaaabbaaaaaaacaaabaabaaabaabaaabbbaaaabbbaaaabbcaabbbbaaaabbbbbcbaaaabaabbabbaaaac Timaspis aaaaaacaaabaacabaabbaaabaababaababaaaaaaaaaacbbaabcabacabacabaabbaaaadaaaacbabbaaabbbaaabcbaabbaaaaabbbbaaaaabaaaababbaaaabaabaaaaabababbaacbaaaaaba-abaaaaaabcaaaabaa Vetustia aaaaaabaaaaaabab???????????aa??b????????????ba????abbababbbbbaaa?a??aaaaabcbbababa?bbaaabbcbbaaba???bbabbbaabaa??????b?a?aba?abaaabaab?bbbacabaaab?{bc}???aaa?aab?a????ad Xestophanes b-b-aaaabaaaabb-ba-bbaaababbababaaaaaaaaababbababaaabaaabaabababaaaaaabaaaabcabaaabcbaaabbaaaaaaabaabbbabaaabaaaaaabbbaaaabbbaaaaabbaabbbaaaaaabaabcbaaaaabaabcaaabaac ; END; BEGIN ASSUMPTIONS; WTSET * CURRENT = 1: 1-166 ; WTSET CURRENT = 1: 1-166 ; END; BEGIN TREES; TITLE Tb7829; LINK TAXA = Taxa1; TRANSLATE 1 Ibalia, 2 Paramblynotus, 3 Pseudomelanips, 4 Euceroptres, 5 Biorhiza, 6 Neuroterus, 7 Andricus, 8 Plagiotrochus, 9 Pediaspis, 10 Himalocynips, 11 Diplolepis, 12 Eschatocerus, 13 Asiocynips_pannucea, 14 Asiocynips_lugubris, 15 Phanacis_phlomidis, 16 Phanacis_centaureae, 17 Phanacis_hypochoeridis, 18 Timaspis, 19 Iraella, 20 Aylax, 21 Barbotinia, 22 Panteliella, 23 Vetustia, 24 Aulacidea_verticillica, 25 Aulacidea_phlomica, 26 Aulacidea_tragopogonis, 27 Isocolus, 28 Neaylax, 29 Hedickiana, 30 Rhodus, 31 Antistrophus, 32 Cecconia, 33 Aulacidea_kerneri, 34 Liposthenes, 35 Gonaspis, 36 Diastrophus, 37 Xestophanes, 38 Synophromorpha, 39 Ceroptres, 40 Periclistus, 41 Synergus; TREE Fig._3 = [&R] (((((((((((41,40),39),38),37),(36,35)),(34,33)),(((((32,31),30),29),28),(((27,26),25),(24,(23,22))))),(21,(20,(19,((18,(16,(17,(15,(14,13))))),((12,11),((10,9),(8,(7,(6,5)))))))))),(4,3)),2),1); END;