#NEXUS [!This data set was downloaded from TreeBASE, a relational database of phylogenetic knowledge. TreeBASE has been supported by the NSF, Harvard University, Yale University, SDSC and UC Davis. Please do not remove this acknowledgment from the Nexus file. Generated on November 13, 2026; 6:55 GMT TreeBASE (cc) 1994-2008 Study reference: Dacosta M.A., Larson P., Donahue J.P., & Weller S.J. 2006. Phylogeny of Milkweed Tussocks (Arctiidae: Arctiinae: Phaegopterini) and Its Implications for Evolution of Ultrasound Communication. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99(5): 723-742. TreeBASE Study URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S12060] [ The following blocks are input data for analysis step 8104 ] BEGIN TAXA; TITLE TaxaForAnalysisStep8104; DIMENSIONS NTAX=32; TAXLABELS Amerila_bubo Calidota_strigosa Cycnia_inopinatus Cycnia_oregonensis Cycnia_tenera Cycnia_tenerosa Ectypia_bivittata Ectypia_clio Ectypia_clio_jessica Euchaetes_albicosta Euchaetes_antica Euchaetes_bolteri Euchaetes_castalla Euchaetes_cressida Euchaetes_egle Euchaetes_elegans Euchaetes_expressa Euchaetes_gigantea Euchaetes_mitis Euchaetes_perlevis Euchaetes_polingi Euchaetes_zella Opharus_procroides Pareuchaetes_insulata Pelochyta_cinerea Pygarctia_abdominalis Pygarctia_flavidorsalis Pygarctia_murina Pygarctia_neomexicana Pygarctia_roseicapitis Pygoctenucha_terminalis Rhodogastria_vitrea ; END; BEGIN CHARACTERS; [! TreeBASE Matrix URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/matrix/TB2:M10671] TITLE 'Euchaetes 3-16-05'; LINK TAXA = TaxaForAnalysisStep8104; DIMENSIONS NCHAR=88; FORMAT DATATYPE=Standard SYMBOLS= "0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7" MISSING=? GAP= -; CHARSTATELABELS 1 H1_Male_antennae / Pectinate 'Bead-like', 2 H2_Female_antennae / Pectinate smooth, 3 H3_Ocellus / Absent Present, 4 H4_Ocellus / absent Present_with_unmelanized_ring Present_with_large_ring, 5 H5_Tentorium / Swollen_distally Narrow, 6 H6_Proboscis_length / Longer_than_thorax 'Longer_than_head,_shorter_than_thorax' Shorter_than_head, 7 H7_Labial_palps_segment_2 / 2nd_segment_shorter_than_or_equal_to_1st 2nd_segment_longer_than_1st, 8 L1_Length_of_epiphysis / 'Long, equal to or longer than 0.66 length of tibia' 'Short, less than 0.66 length of tibia', 9 L2_Epiphysis / Straight Curved, 10 L3_Tibial_spurs / Smooth Serrate, 11 L4_Prothoracic_tibia / Without_foretibial_spur with_foretibial_spur, 12 L5_Tibial_hair_pencil / Absent Present, 13 L6_Tarsal_claws / Simple Toothed, 14 T1_Nodular_sclerite / Absent Present_as_attachment_or_thickening_on_edge_of_tympanal_membrane Present_in_middle_of_membrane, 15 T2_Tympanal_Frame / 'Noctuid-type' 'Notodontid-type', 16 T3_Tympanal_Frame / 'Noctuid-type reinforced' 'Noctuid type not reinforced, lacking melanized, lightly sclerotized anterior lateral ridge', 17 T4_Size_Tympanal_hood / Typical reduced, 18 T5_Location_Tympanal_hood / Prespiracular absent, 19 T6_Tymbal / Present Absent, 20 T7_Pocket_I / Absent Present, 21 T8_Pocket_II / Absent Present, 22 T9_Pocket_III / Absent Present, 23 T10_Pocket_IV / Absent Present, 24 T11_Pocket_V / Absent Present, 25 'T12 Counter-tympanal hood' / 'Small, less than or equal to 0.66 width 1st abdominal sclerite' 'Large, greater than 0.66 width of 1st abdominal sclerite', 26 FW1_Sc_and_R1 / Separate_for_entire_distance_to_margin Anastomosing_for_part_of_distance_to_margin, 27 FW2_Areole / Absent Present, 28 FW3_Discal_cell / Completely_closed Partially_open, 29 FW4_Vein_3A / Absent 'Reduced,_not_reaching_margin', 30 'FW5 Scale patch (Andraconia) at base of (male) wing between 3A and margin:' / Absent Present, 31 HW1_Sc_and_R1 / Present_to_margin 'Reduced,_not_reaching_margin', 32 HW2_Rs_and_M1 / Absent Both_present, 33 HW4_Discal_cell / Completely_closed Partially_open, 34 HW5_M2_and_M3 / Arising_separately_from_discal_cell Stalked, 35 'HW6 Scales (androconia) in anal region of males.' / Absent Present, 36 HW7_Number_of_frenular_bristles_in_female / 2. 3. 4. 5., 37 'M1 Condition of ventral 7th/8th intersegmental membrane' / Unmodified Folded_into_pocket, 38 'M2 Condition of 7th/8th membranal pocket' / Absent Well_developed Reduced, 39 M3_Coremata / Absent 'In 7th-8th intersegmental membrane', 40 M4_Sternum_8_posterior_edge / Unmodified With_medial_notch, 41 'M5 A8-A9 intersegmental menmbrane' / Shorter_than_7th_tergite Greater_than_or_equal_to_7th_tergite, 42 M6_8th_tergite / Unmodified 'With_a_pair_of_antero-lateral_apodemes', 43 'M7 Scent scales on ventral 8th-9th intersegmental membrane' / Present absent, 44 M8_Articulation_of_tegumen_and_vinculum / Fused 'Not fused, with membrane break' With_pleurite_and_fused_to_both, 45 M9_Tegumen / Unmodified With_large_dorsal_prongs, 46 M10_Juxta / Absent present, 47 M11_Valve_condition / Costal_and_sacculus_fused Costal_and_sacculus_separate, 48 M12_Corematal_structures_on_outer_surface_of_valve / Absent Present, 49 M13_Ampulla / Present Absent, 50 M14_Valve_base / With_ridge Without_ridge, 51 M15_Transtilla / Absent Present, 52 M16_Dorsal_region_diaphragma / Membranous Sclerotized, 53 M17_Ventral_region_diaphragma / Membranous Sclerotized, 54 M18_Sclerotization_of_anal_tube / Absent sclerotized_pad_ventral_to_tube, 55 M19_Manica / Membranous Reinforced_membrane, 56 M20_Phallus / Unmodified Modified_with_carina_penis, 57 M21_Orientation_of_Carina_Penis / Distal_end_points_anteriorly Distal_end_points_posteriorly Distal_end_points_ventrally Absent, 58 M22_Shape_of_Carina_Penis / Absent Swollen Spike, 59 M23_Vesica / Unmodified With_ornamentation, 60 M24_Ornamentation_of_vesica / Absent Spiky_cornuti 'Short, blunt speckles' Both_spiky_cornuti_and_speckles Sawblade_type_cornuti Sclerotized_patches, 61 M25_Location_of_ductus_ejaculatorious_complex / 'Caecum present, opening dorsal' 'No caecum, opening shifted anteriorly', 62 M26_Articulation_of_uncus_with_tegumen / 'Not fused, with membrane break' 'Fused, without membrane break', 63 M27_Shape_of_lateral_uncal_process / Knobbed 'Orb-like' 'Dorso-ventrally flattened lobe' Curved_Spikes Disc Lobe_with_shield 'Lobes with dorsal "horns"' Absent, 64 M28_Ornamentation_of_lateral_process_of_uncus / Setae_present Setae_absent Process_absent, 65 M29_Apex_of_uncus / Single_hook Bifid, 66 'F1 Ventral 7th/8th intersegmental membrane' / Unmodified 'Modified (see F2)', 67 'F2 Modification of ventral 7th-8th intersegmental membrane' / Absent With_pockets small_grooves, 68 F3_Length_of_7th_sternite / Equal_to_sixth Less_than_sixth Greater_than_sixth, 69 'F4 Dorsal 7th-8th intersegmental membrane' / Expanded Unmodified, 70 F5_7th_tergite / As_long_or_shorter_than_6th_tergite Longer_than_6th_tergite, 71 F6_Condition_of_8th_sternite / Unmodified 'Completely divided mid-ventrally', 72 F7_Sinus_vaginalis / Absent Present, 73 F8_Psuedopapillae_anales / Absent Present, 74 F9_Papillae_anales / Unmodified With_dorsal_extension, 75 F10_Dorsal_pheromone_gland_opening / Visible_as_one_opening visible_as_a_pair_of_openings, 76 F11_Pheromone_glands / Unbranched_tubes Branched_tubes, 77 'F12 Dorsal 8th-9th intersegmental membrane' / Unmodified With_lateral_groove_posterior_to_8th With_pocket, 78 F13_Posterior_apophyses_located / Laterally Dorsally, 79 F14_Anterior_apophyses_located / Laterally Dorsally, 80 F15_Angle_at_which_8th_sternite_and_tergite_fuse / Obtuse Acute Not_fused, 81 F16_Condition_of_ductus_bursa / Flattened_ Rounded, 82 F17_Cervix_bursa / 'Indistinct, membranous' 'distinct, membranous', 83 F18_Signum / Absent Present, 84 F19_Signum_shape / Absent Spike Star Strip Conical Rayflower, 85 F20_Number_of_signa / Single_signum Two_signa absent three, 86 F21_Appendix_bursa / Absent Present, 87 F22_Location_of_appendix_bursa / Absent 'Attached to corpus-cervix bursa complex' Attached_to_ductus_bursa, 88 F23_Origin_of_ductus_seminalis / Arising_from_corpus_bursa Arising_from_appendix_bursa Arising_from_duct_connecting_ductus_bursa_and_appendix_bursa, ; MATRIX [ 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 ] [ . . . . . . . . ] Amerila_bubo 1?131001000012010001111110101001000?11001100010100010000301311721002111010??100110131111 Calidota_strigosa 001310110000120100011111101010010001111011100000000110003013107201121110101010000?140110 Cycnia_inopinatus 00131110000012010001111110001001000111001111000001011000301?0010011211101010200101151112 Cycnia_oregonensis 00131?100000120?00011111100010010001111001110000010110?111120010011211111000001101151111 Cycnia_tenera 00131010000012010?0111111000100100021110011101000110001030110110011011111010201101151111 Cycnia_tenerosa 0013111000001201000111111000100100011100111101000111100030110110011211101010200001151112 Ectypia_bivittata 0113020000001201000111111000000100000000?11200000000100030110061012211111010101001111111 Ectypia_clio 0013020100001201000111111010100100010000111200000000100030110060012211111010101101111112 Ectypia_clio_jessica 0013020100001201000111111000100100010000111200000000100030110060012211111010100001111112 Euchaetes_albicosta 0013011100001201000111111010100100011100011200101001100121000020011100111110100000111112 Euchaetes_antica 001301100000120?000111111000100100021200011200101001100101000131011000111110101110111122 Euchaetes_bolteri 0013111100001201000111111010100100011100011200101001100030110120011100111100111110111122 Euchaetes_castalla 00130111000012010001111010101001000111001112001010001001211101210110001111?0101010111122 Euchaetes_cressida 0013110100001200000111101010100100011110111000101010101030140010?12211001010200101111122 Euchaetes_egle 0013011100001201000111101010100100001100111200101000100121110120000100111110100100111122 Euchaetes_elegans 0013111100001201000111101000100100021200011200101000100121000120011100111110101110111122 Euchaetes_expressa 0013110100001201000111101000100100011110111000101011100112120020012211111010211101121111 Euchaetes_gigantea 001301110000120100011110?010100100011100011200101001100121110020000000111010101101111122 Euchaetes_mitis 001301110000120?00011111?010100100011100011200101001100121110020000100111110101101111122 Euchaetes_perlevis 0?13110100001201000111101000100100011110011000101010100112120020012211101010111101121111 Euchaetes_polingi 0013000100001201000111101010100100011100011200101001101121110020000100111110101110111121 Euchaetes_zella 0013111100001201000111101010100100011110011000101000100122140020000011101000000101121112 Opharus_procroides 00131011000012000011111110001001000112001111000000011000301200100002110110??101000111112 Pareuchaetes_insulata ??13111100001201000111111000100100011100111010100010100030110141000211001010101?00163111 Pelochyta_cinerea 0113001000001201000111101000100101010000111000000010100030111172000211101000000010002111 Pygarctia_abdominalis 00130100001011010001111010?0100100021100111000100000100030121050012211111010111101121111 Pygarctia_flavidorsalis 0013010000101101000111101010100100010000111000100000100030150050012211111010101001121112 Pygarctia_murina 00130100001011010001111010101001000012001110001000001000301510500000111110?0111001121112 Pygarctia_neomexicana ?1131100001011010001111110101001000200?0011000100001100122130020000111111010111101121122 Pygarctia_roseicapitis 0013011000101101000111101010100100011100011000100000100030150050012211111000101001121112 Pygoctenucha_terminalis 001311010000120100011110?0?0100100001100011200101010100121120020011100111110101110111121 Rhodogastria_vitrea 1113100100001201000111101010100100011100?110010100000000301311720002111010??100100113000 ; END; BEGIN ASSUMPTIONS; WTSET * UNTITLED = 2: 56-58 83-85 , 3: 3-4 15-16 37-38 59-60 63-64 66-67 86-87 , 6: 1-2 5-14 17-36 39-49 51-55 61-62 65 68-82 88 , 1: 50 ; END; [ The following blocks are output data for analysis step 8104 ] BEGIN TREES; TITLE 'Euchaetes 3-16-05'; LINK TAXA = TaxaForAnalysisStep8104; TREE Fig._18 = [&R] (Pelochyta_cinerea,(Pareuchaetes_insulata,((Amerila_bubo,Rhodogastria_vitrea),(Calidota_strigosa,(Opharus_procroides,(((Cycnia_tenera,Cycnia_oregonensis),(Cycnia_inopinatus,Cycnia_tenerosa)),((Euchaetes_gigantea,(Euchaetes_mitis,(Euchaetes_albicosta,(Euchaetes_bolteri,(Euchaetes_antica,Euchaetes_elegans),(Euchaetes_castalla,Euchaetes_egle),(Euchaetes_polingi,Pygoctenucha_terminalis))))),((Ectypia_clio,(Ectypia_bivittata,Ectypia_clio_jessica)),((Euchaetes_zella,Euchaetes_cressida,(Euchaetes_expressa,Euchaetes_perlevis)),((Pygarctia_roseicapitis,Pygarctia_flavidorsalis),(Pygarctia_abdominalis,Pygarctia_neomexicana,Pygarctia_murina))))))))))); [! TreeBASE tree URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/tree/TB2:Tr49286] END;