@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref22393, author = {Kristin Hultgren and Carla Hurt and Arthur Anker}, title = {Phylogenetic relationships within the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus (Decapoda: Alpheidae)}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Synalpheus; phylogeny}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {77}, number = {}, pages = {116--125}, abstract = {The snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus (Alpheidae) is one of the most speciose decapod genera, with over 160 species worldwide. Most species live in symbiotic relationships with other marine organisms, such as sponges, corals and crinoids, and some sponge-dwelling ones have a highly organized, social structure. The present study is the first worldwide molecular phylogenetic analysis of Synalpheus, based on >2200 bp of sequence data from two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and two nuclear (PEPCK and 18S) loci. Our data show strong evidence for monophyly of three out of six traditionally recognized species groups based on morphology?the S. brevicarpus, S. comatularum and S. gambarelloides groups. The remaining three species groups (S. paulsoni, S. neomeris and S. coutierei groups), were shown to be paraphyletic in their current composition; these groups will need to be either abandoned or taxonomically redefined. In order to delimit species of Synalpheus, we calculated intraspecific and interspecific sequence divergence in COI and 16S within the taxonomically well-studied S. gambarelloides group and established a sequence divergence threshold using COI barcoding gene, which was then applied to the remaining taxa of the genus. Our results suggest the presence of multiple cryptic species complexes in Synalpheus, underlining the need for more integrative taxonomic studies?including morphological, ecological, molecular, and color pattern data?in this biologically interesting genus.} }

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