@INCOLLECTION{TreeBASE2Ref17992, author = {Kerstin Voigt and Kerstin Hoffmann and Esra Einax and Martin Eckart and Tam?s Papp and Csaba V?gv?lgyi and Lennart Olsson}, title = {Revision of the family structure of the Mucorales (Mucoromycotina, Zygomycetes) based on multigene-genealogies: phylogenetic analyses suggest a bigeneric Phycomycetaceae with Spinellus as sister group to Phycomyces.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {in press}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, booktitle = {Current Advances in Molecular Mycology}, isbn = {}, publisher = {}, address = {}, editor = {Y. Gherbawy}, pages = {}, abstract = {Zygomycetes encompass microscopic fungi forming zygospores in sexual interactions. The most prominent and largest order is the Mucorales Fries 1832 comprising saprotrophic and facultatively parasitic species. The traditional family system of the Mucorales deviates substantially from molecular phylogenies. Multi-gene genealogies based on Bayesian inference analyses of the exonic genes for actin (act), beta-tubulin (btub) and translation elongation factor 1 alpha (tef), the nuclear genes for the small (18S) and large (28S) subunit ribosomal RNA (comprising 811, 1168, 1112 871, 402 characters, respectively) of twenty-seven genera of the Mucorales shows that the traditional family structure is highly unnatural at the level of groups with monophyletic origin. Four families can be considered to be monophyletic; the Umbelopsidaceae, the Phycomycetaceae, the Absidiaceae and the Choanephoraceae including Gilbertella. The establishment of a natural system suggests Spinellus as the closest phylogenetic relative to Phycomyces, which converts the former monogeneric family Phycomycetaceae being bigeneric. The Mucoraceae and the Thamnidiacaeae, both representing the largest families, are polyphyletic and therefore highly unnatural at the phylogenetic level. Special emphasis was given to the determination of micromorphological and ultrastructural apomorphies derived by light and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, phylogenetic reconstructions based on a combined profile distance analysis of small and large subunit rDNA (1431 and 387 characters, respectively) of seventy-two taxa suggest a close phylogenetic relationship between the Mucorales and the Entomophthorales. The Mortierellales Cavalier-Smith 1998, which has been recently classified to the Mucormycotina, appear as the basal group of the Dikarya.} }

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