@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref31204, author = {Marileide Moreira Costa and Amgad A Saleh and Maruzanete Prereira Melo and Elaine Aparecida Guimar?es and Kurt A. Zeller and Brett A. Summerell and Ludwig H Pfenning and John F. Leslie}, title = {Fusarium mirum sp. nov, intertwining Fusarium madaense and Fusarium andiyazi, pathogens of tropical grasses}, year = {2021}, keywords = {Fusarium fujikuroi species complex; Inter-species hybrids; Mating population; Molecular phylogeny}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Mycologia}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {1878--6146}, abstract = {Many of the species of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) display an affinity with grass species, where they live in an endophytic association or cause disease. Within an international collaborative project, isolates were recovered from a range of agriculturally important grasses in African countries and in Brazil, and characterized with morphological markers and with PCR to detect mating type alleles and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs). We also conducted multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on partial DNA sequences of translation elongation factor-1α (TEF1), β-tubulin (TUB), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (RPB2) gene regions. Sexual cross fertility was used to test the biological species concept and to characterize the mode of sexual reproduction. Based on all of these analyses, a novel species within the FFSC was defined that is different from all of the other known species in the complex, and is herein formally described as Fusarium mirum. Fusarium mirum, F. madaense, and Fusarium andiyazi are a tightly intertwined group of species that are morphologically identical, but phylogenetically distinguishable. Their close genetic relatedness is consistent with genetic exchange still occurring between the species. In particular, F. mirum, F. madaense, and F. andiyazi cannot be reliably distinguished if only sequences of the TEF-1 gene are used for this purpose. We also describe the sexual stage of F. madaense, a recently described phylogenetic species in the FFSC. Pathogenicity tests with isolates of Fusarium madaense obtained from sugarcane, sorghum, maize, millet and Brachiaria showed that all isolates were capable of inducing stalk rot in sorghum, maize and millet, and pokkah boeng in sugarcane. This study increases our understanding of the diversity of species within the FFSC that cause disease in tropical grasses or act as endophytes, and their respective geographic distribution. The genetically close relationship between F. mirum, F. madaense, and F. andiyazi provides an opportunity to study and identify factors underlying their limited cross-fertility and sympatric speciation.} }

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