@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23935, author = {Valerie Hofstetter and Scott A. Redhead and Frank Kauff and Jean-Marc Moncalvo and Patrick Brandon Matheny and Rytas Vilgalys}, title = {Taxonomic revision and examination of ecological transitions of the Lyophyllaceae (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) based on a multigene phylogeny.}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Bayesian / maximum likelihood / molecular clock / Molecular systematics / multigene (ITS nucLSU / mitSSU / RPB1 / RPB2 / TEF1-α) / relative rate tests}, doi = {10.7872/crym.v35.iss4.2014.399}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Cryptogamie Mycologie}, volume = {35}, number = {4}, pages = {399--424}, abstract = {We explored evolutionary relationships within the Lyophyllaceae by combining sequence data from six loci. The most likely phylogram leaded us to reconsider the Lyophyllaceae classification with the recognition of two new genera (Myochromella and Sagaranella) based on ecological and/or morphological distinctiveness. Lyophyllaceae are ecologically highly diversified and our phylogeny suggested that four to five ecological transitions from free-living to parasitic or mutualistic lifestyles might have occurred within the family. Due to the moderate phylogenetic support recovered for several relationships within that clade and due to the uncertainty about the ecological strategy adopted by five of the sampled species, three out of these transitions could be unequivocally reconstructed suggesting that saprotrophy is plesiomorphic for Lyophyllaceae. Significant differences in rates of molecular evolution were detected among taxa. However, these differences were not associated with ecological transitions even if, within each of the majors clades identified in Lyophyllaceae, taxa of different ecological strategies show a tendency to evolve at different speeds at the molecular level.} }

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