@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref16760, author = {Mark E. Mort and Daniel J. Crawford and Kristopher N. Fairfield}, title = {Phylogeny and character evolution in California Coreopsis: Insights from morphology and from sequences of the nuclear and plastid genomes.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Systematic Botany}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed using both molecular (nrDNA ITS and rpl16) and morphological data for eight species of Coreopsis that are almost exclusively restricted to California. Parsimony analyses were conducted on each of three data partitions (cpDNA, ITS, and morphology) and congruence between these topologies and data sets was assessed by inspecting the topology of ?hard? incongruence and via the partition homogeneity test (PHT). The individual topologies were largely congruent (i.e. lacking ?hard? incongruence), with the exception of the placement of C. caliopsidea by analyses of morphological data. Because the two molecular data sets are generally in agreement regarding the placement of this taxon, the morphological data for C. caliopsidea were pruned; PHT tests of this pruned data set indicated no significant heterogeneity among the data partitions. Therefore the data were combined and reanalyzed. The resulting topology supports the monophyly of sections Tuckermannia and Leptosyne; however, section Pugiopappus is not monophyletic. This latter section as traditionally defined includes species that display an annual habit and dimorphic cypselae. Examining the evolution of these two features in light of the phylogeny indicates that each has arisen twice. The evolution of two other features, pubescent fruits and the presence of pappus scales, is more complex than previously suggested. Alternative reconstructions of the evolution of these features are presented.} }

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