@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref19310, author = {Brad R Ruhfel and Volker Bittrich and Claudia Patean Bove and Mats H. G. Gustafsson and C. Thomas Philbrick and Rolf Rutishauser and Zhenxiang Xi and Charles C. Davis}, title = {Phylogeny of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales): Evidence From the Plastid and Mitochondrial Genomes.}, year = {2011}, keywords = {Garcinia mangostana; Guttiferae; Hypericum perforatum; mangosteen; matK; matR; morphology; ndhF; rbcL; St. John?s wort}, doi = {10.3732/ajb.1000354}, url = {http://}, pmid = {21613119}, journal = {American Journal of Botany}, volume = {98}, number = {2}, pages = {306--325}, abstract = {Premise of the study: The clusioid clade includes five families (i.e., Bonnetiaceae, Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae sensu stricto [s.s.], Hypericaceae, and Podostemaceae) represented by 91 genera and ~1,900 species. Species in this clade form a conspicuous element of tropical forests worldwide and are important in horticulture, timber production, and pharmacology. To clarify phylogenetic uncertainty in the group, we conducted a multilocus phylogenetic analysis of the clusioids with greatly improved taxon sampling compared to previous studies. ? Methods: We conducted phylogenetic analyses of plastid (matK, ndhF, and rbcL) and mitochondrial (matR) nucleotide sequence data using parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. Our combined data set included ~200 species representing all major clusioid subclades identified in previous studies, plus numerous species spanning the taxonomic, morphological, and biogeographic breadth of the clusioid clade. ? Key results: Our analyses indicate that the genera Tovomita (Clusiaceae s.s.); Harungana and Hypericum (Hypericaceae); and Ledermanniella s.s. and Zeylanidium (Podostemaceae) are not monophyletic. In addition, we place four genera that have not been included in any molecular study: Ceratolacis, Diamantina, and Griffithella (Podostemaceae), and Santomasia (Hypericaceae). Finally, our results indicate that Lianthus, Santomasia, Thornea, and Triadenum can be safely merged into Hypericum (Hypericaceae). ? Conclusions: We present the first well-resolved, taxon-rich phylogeny of the clusioid clade. Taxon sampling and resolution within the clade are greatly improved compared to previous studies and provide a strong basis for improving the classification of the group. In addition, our phylogeny will form the foundation of future work investigating the biogeography of tropical angiosperms with Gondwanan distributions. } }

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