@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref15462, author = {John V. Freudenstein and Jeff J. Doyle}, title = {Plastid DNA, morphological variation, and the Phylogenetic Species Concept: The Corallorhiza maculata (Orchidaceae) Complex.}, year = {1994}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Systematic Botany}, volume = {19}, number = {}, pages = {273--290}, abstract = {The Phylogenetic Species Concept (PSC) defines minimal phylogenetic units. Although its full application requires sampling within populations, the principles of the PSC can be applied even in cases where intrapopulational sampling has not been conducted, albeit with less resolution. One or more accessions from each of thirty-five populations of Corallorhiza maculata, as well as from C. mertensiana and C. sp. nov., were sampled for plastid DNA and morphological features, and the patterns of variation were interpreted in the light of the PSC. These three species have unique morphological character combinations that allow their recognition as phylogenetic species; previously detected morphological-phenological groups within C. maculata are distinct in parts of the species' range, but morphological intermediates are present in some areas, preventing their recognition as phylogenetic species. Nine plastome types, based upon restriction site and length mutations, were found among the populations, eight of them within C. maculata. The plastomes of C. sp. nov. and C. mertensiana were found to be most closely related to those within C. maculata. Although there was no evidence that plastome types are fixed in populations (due to insufficient sampling), particular restriction sites are hypothesized to be fixed in population groups and are recognized as phylogenetic characters for these groups. The phylogenetic pattern suggests that C. mertensiana and C. sp. nov. were derived from ancestors much like C. maculata, or from C. maculata itself. In addition, the strong correlation between related plastome types and morphology suggests that there may be phylogenetic significance to the pattern within C. maculata.} }

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