@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref15840, author = {Leo J. Hickey and David Winship Taylor}, title = {The leaf architecture of Ticodendron and the application of foliar characters in discerning its relationships.}, year = {1991}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden}, volume = {78}, number = {}, pages = {105--130}, abstract = {Leaves of the recently described genus Ticodendron are simple, alternate, stipulate, symmetrical, elliptical with attenuate apices and acute bases, a single order of serrations representing modified rosid teeth, pinnate, craspedodromous principal venation, percurrent tertiaries, well-developed, random areolation, anomocytic stomates, and T-shaped hairs. Phenetic and cladistic analyses of leaf and other characters of Ticodendron were performed in order to determine its affinities and evolutionary relationships. Several new characters, including the number of veins joining the midrib and the venation of the marginal teeth, were added to the suite of standard leaf architectural descriptors because of their demonstrated potential as systematic indicators. After filtering out nonapplicable and symplesiomorphous characters, a total of 70 characters (48 leaf and 22 reproductive and wood) remained. These were organized into two main data sets, with the second further divided to form three subsets, which were then analyzed using a simple similarity comparison and parsimony methods. From the standpoint of its gross phenetic and phylogenetic affinities, Ticodendron belongs to a group of amentiferous taxa, with the extinct genus Fagopsis showing the strongest affinity, followed by Brunellia, Castanopsis, Castanea, Alnus, and Nothofagus. Our cladistic analyses show Ticodendron grouping with the Fagales and occasionally with the Myricaceae in a rosalean clade whose base is embedded in the Cunoniaceae. These data support recognition of the new genus as a member of a distinct family in the order Fagales and with closest affinities to Fagaceae and Betulaceae.} }

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