@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23495,
author = {Ping Li Zeng and qiang zhang and Renran Sun and Hong-Zhi Kong and Ning Zhang and Hong Ma},
title = {Resolution of deep angiosperm phylogeny using conserved nuclear genes and estimates of early divergence times},
year = {2014},
keywords = {Mesangiospermae; nuclear genes; divergence time estimation},
doi = {},
url = {http://},
pmid = {},
journal = {Nature Communications},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
abstract = {Angiosperms are the most successful plants and support human livelihood and ecosystems. Angiosperm phylogeny is the foundation of studies of gene function and phenotypic evolution, divergence time estimation and biogeography. The relationship of the five divergent groups of the Mesangiospermae (~ 99.95% of extant angiosperms) remains uncertain, with multiple hypotheses reported in the literature. Here, transcriptome datasets are obtained from 26 species lacking sequenced genomes, representing each of the five groups, eudicots, monocots, magnoliids, Chloranthaceae and Ceratophyllaceae. Phylogenetic analyses using 59 carefully identify low-copy nuclear genes resulted in highly supported relationships: sisterhood of eudicots and a clade containing Chloranthaceae and Ceratophyllaceae, with magnoliids being the next sister group, finally followed by monocots. Our topology allows a reexamination of the evolutionary patterns of 110 morphological characters; the molecular clock estimates of Mesangiospermae diversification during the late to middle Jurassic corresponded well to the origins of some insects, which may have been a factor facilitating early angiosperm radiation. }
}
Matrix 5515 of Study 16175
Citation title:
"Resolution of deep angiosperm phylogeny using conserved nuclear genes and estimates of early divergence times".
Study name:
"Resolution of deep angiosperm phylogeny using conserved nuclear genes and estimates of early divergence times".
This study is part of submission 16175
(Status: Published).
Matrices
Title: Biogeography
Rows
|
Taxon Label |
Row Segments |
Characters 1?–30 |
| Acamptoclados |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Achlaena |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Achnatherum |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Aciachne |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Acidosasa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Acostia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Acrachne |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Acritochaete |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Acroceras |
(none)
|
100101 |
| Actinocladum |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Aegilops |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Aegopogon |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Aeluropus |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Afrotrichloris |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Agenium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Agnesia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Agropyron |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Agropyropsis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Agrostis |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Aira |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Airopsis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Alexfloydia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Alloeochaete |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Allolepis |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Alloteropsis |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Alopecurus |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Alvimia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Amblyopyrum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Ammochloa |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Ammophila |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Ampelodesmos |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Amphibromus |
(none)
|
001001 |
| Amphicarpum |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Amphipogon |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Anadelphia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Ancistrachne |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Ancistragrostis |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Andropogon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Andropterum |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Anemanthele |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Aniselytron |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Anisopogon |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Anomochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Anthaenantiopsis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Anthenantia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Anthephora |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Anthochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Anthoxanthum |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Antinoria |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Apera |
(none)
|
010001 |
| Aphanelytrum |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Apluda |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Apochiton |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Apoclada |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Apocopis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Arberella |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Arctagrostis |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Arctophila |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Aristida |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Arrhenatherum |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Arthragrostis |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Arthraxon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Arthropogon |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Arthrostylidium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Arundinaria |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Arundinella |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Arundo |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Arundoclaytonia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Asthenochloa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Astrebla |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Athroostachys |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Atractantha |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Aulonemia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Australopyrum |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Austrochloris |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Austrodanthonia |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Austrofestuca |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Austrostipa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Avellinia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Avena |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Axonopus |
(none)
|
100011 |
| Bambusa |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Baptorhachis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Bealia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Beckeropsis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Beckmannia |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Bellardiochloa |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Bewsia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Bhidea |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Blepharidachne |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Blepharoneuron |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Boissiera |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Boivinella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Borinda |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Bothriochloa |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Bouteloua |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Brachiaria |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Brachyachne |
(none)
|
101000 |
| Brachychloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Brachyelytrum |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Brachypodium |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Briza |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Bromuniola |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Bromus |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Brylkinia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Buchloe |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Buchlomimus |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Buergersiochloa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Calamagrostis |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Calammophila |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Calamovilfa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Calderonella |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Calosteca |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Calyptochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Camusiella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Capillipedium |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Castellia |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Catabrosa |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Catabrosella |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Catalepis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Catapodium |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Cathestechum |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Cenchrus |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Centotheca |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Centrochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Centropodia |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Cephalostachyum |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Chaboissaea |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Chaetium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Chaetobromus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chaetopoa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chaetopogon |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Chaetostichium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chamaeraphis |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Chandrasekharania |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Chasechloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chasmanthium |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Chasmopodium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chevalierella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chikusichloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Chimonobambusa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Chionachne |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Chionochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Chloachne |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chloris |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Chlorocalymma |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chrysochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Chrysopogon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Chumsriella |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Chusquea |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Cinna |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Cladoraphis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Clausospicula |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Cleistachne |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Cleistochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Cliffordiochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Cockaynea |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Coelachne |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Coelachyropsis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Coelachyrum |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Coelorachis |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Coix |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Colanthelia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Coleanthus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Colpodium |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Commelinidium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Cornucopiae |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Cortaderia |
(none)
|
001001 |
| Corynephorus |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Cottea |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Craspedorhachis |
(none)
|
100011 |
| Crinipes |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Crithopsis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Crypsis |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Cryptochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Ctenium |
(none)
|
100010 |
| Ctenopsis |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Cutandia |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Cyathopus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Cyclostachya |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Cymbopogon |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Cymbosetaria |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Cynodon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Cynosurus |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Cyperochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Cyphochlaena |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Cypholepis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Cyrtococcum |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Dactylis |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Dactyloctenium |
(none)
|
111001 |
| Daknopholis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Dallwatsonia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Danthonia |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Danthoniastrum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Danthonidium |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Danthoniopsis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Dasyochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Dasypoa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Dasypyrum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Davidsea |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Decaryella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Decaryochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Dendrocalamus |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Dendrochloa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Deschampsia |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Desmazeria |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Desmostachya |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Deyeuxia |
(none)
|
001101 |
| Diandrochloa |
(none)
|
111011 |
| Diandrolyra |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Diandrostachya |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Diarrhena |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Dichaetaria |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Dichanthelium |
(none)
|
000110 |
| Dichanthium |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Dichelachne |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Diectomis |
(none)
|
100110 |
| Dielsiochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Digastrium |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Digitaria |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Digitariopsis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Dignathia |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Diheteropogon |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Dilophotriche |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Dimeria |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Dimorphochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Dinebra |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Dinochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Diplachne |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Diplopogon |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Dissanthelium |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Dissochondrus |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Distichlis |
(none)
|
001011 |
| Drake-Brockmania |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Dregeochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Drepanostachyum |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Dryopoa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Dupontia |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Duthiea |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Dybowskia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Eccoilopus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Eccoptocarpha |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Ecdeiocolea |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Echinaria |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Echinochloa |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Echinolaena |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Echinopogon |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Ectrosia |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Ectrosiopsis |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Ehrharta |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Ekmanochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Elegia |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Eleusine |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Elionurus |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Elymandra |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Elymus |
(none)
|
011010 |
| Elytrigia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Elytrophorus |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Elytrostachys |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Enneapogon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Enteropogon |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Entolasia |
(none)
|
101000 |
| Entoplocamia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Eragrostiella |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Eragrostis |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Eremitis |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Eremium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Eremochloa |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Eremopoa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Eremopogon |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Eremopyrum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Eriachne |
(none)
|
011100 |
| Erianthecium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Erianthus |
(none)
|
110001 |
| Eriochloa |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Eriochrysis |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Erioneuron |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Euchlaena |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Euclasta |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Eulalia |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Eulaliopsis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Eustachys |
(none)
|
100011 |
| Euthryptochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Exotheca |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Fargesia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Farrago |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Fasciculochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Festuca |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Festucella |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Festucopsis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Fingerhuthia |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Flagellaria |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Froesiochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Gaoligongshania |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Garnotia |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Gastridium |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Gaudinia |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Gaudiniopsis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Germainia |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Gerritea |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Gigantochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Gilgiochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Glaziophyton |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Glyceria |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Glyphochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Gouinia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Gouldochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Graphephorum |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Greslania |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Griffithsochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Guaduella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Gymnachne |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Gymnopogon |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Gynerium |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Habrochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hackelochloa |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Hainardia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Hakonechloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Halopyrum |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Harpachne |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Harpochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Haynaldia |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Helictotrichon |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Helleria |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Hemarthria |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Hemisorghum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Henrardia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Hesperostipa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Heterachne |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Heteranthelium |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Heteranthoecia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Heterocarpha |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Heteropholis |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Heteropogon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Hibanobambusa |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Hickelia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hierochloe |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Hilaria |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Himalayacalamus |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Hitchcockella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Holcolemma |
(none)
|
111000 |
| Holcus |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Homolepis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Homopholis |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Homozeugos |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hookerochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Hordelymus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Hordeum |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Hubbardia |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Hubbardochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Humbertochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hyalopoa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Hydrochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Hydrothauma |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hygrochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Hygroryza |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Hylebates |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hymenachne |
(none)
|
001101 |
| Hyparrhenia |
(none)
|
111100 |
| Hyperthelia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hypogynium |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Hypseochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Hystrix |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Ichnanthus |
(none)
|
111001 |
| Imperata |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Indocalamus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Indopoa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Indosasa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Isachne |
(none)
|
110001 |
| Isalus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Ischaemum |
(none)
|
111001 |
| Ischnochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Ischnurus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Iseilema |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Ixophorus |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Jansenella |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Jarava |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Jardinea |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Joinvillea |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Jouvea |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Joycea |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Kampochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Kaokochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Karroochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Kengia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Kengyilia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Kerriochloa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Koeleria |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Lagurus |
(none)
|
110010 |
| Lamarckia |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Lamprothyrsus |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Lasiacis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Lasiorhachis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Lasiurus |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Lecomtella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Leersia |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Lepargochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Leptagrostis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Leptaspis |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Leptocarydion |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Leptochloa |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Leptochloopsis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Leptocoryphium |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Leptoloma |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Leptosaccharum |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Leptothrium |
(none)
|
110010 |
| Lepturella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Lepturidium |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Lepturopetium |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Lepturus |
(none)
|
101000 |
| Leucophrys |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Leucopoa |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Leymus |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Libyella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Limnas |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Limnodea |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Limnopoa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Lindbergella |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Linkagrostis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Lintonia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Lithachne |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Littledalea |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Loliolum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Lolium |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Lombardochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Lophachme |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Lophatherum |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Lopholepis |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Lophopogon |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Lophopyrum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Lorenzochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Loudetia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Loudetiopsis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Louisiella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Loxodera |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Luziola |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Lycochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Lycurus |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Lygeum |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Maclurolyra |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Maillea |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Malacurus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Maltebrunia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Manisuris |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Megalachne |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Megaloprotachne |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Megastachya |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Melanocenchris |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Melica |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Melinis |
(none)
|
101010 |
| Melocalamus |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Melocanna |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Merostachys |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Merxmuellera |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Merxmuellera Dan |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Mesosetum |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Metasasa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Metcalfia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Mibora |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Micraira |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Microbriza |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Microcalamus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Microchloa |
(none)
|
101101 |
| Microlaena |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Micropyropsis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Micropyrum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Microstegium |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Mildbraediochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Milium |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Miscanthidium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Miscanthus |
(none)
|
011010 |
| Mnesithea |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Mniochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Molinia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Moliniopsis |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Monachather |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Monanthochloe |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Monelytrum |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Monium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Monocladus |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Monocymbium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Monodia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Mosdenia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Muhlenbergia |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Munroa |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Myriocladus |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Myriostachya |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Narduroides |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Nardus |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Narenga |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Nassella |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Nastus |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Neeragrostis |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Neesiochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Nematopoa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Neobouteloua |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Neohouzeaua |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Neostapfia |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Neostapfiella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Nephelochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Neurachne |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Neurolepis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Neyraudia |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Notochloe |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Ochlandra |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Ochthochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Odontelytrum |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Odyssea |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Oligostachyum |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Olmeca |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Olyra |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Ophiochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Ophiuros |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Opizia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Oplismenopsis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Oplismenus |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Orcuttia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Oreobambos |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Oreochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Orinus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Oropetium |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Ortachne |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Orthoclada |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Oryza |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Oryzidium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Oryzopsis |
(none)
|
110010 |
| Otachyrium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Otatea |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Ottochloa |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Oxychloris |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Oxyrhachis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Oxytenanthera |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Panicum |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Pappophorum |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Parafestuca |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Parahyparrhenia |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Paraneurachne |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Parapholis |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Paratheria |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Parectenium |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Pariana |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Parodiolyra |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Pascopyrum |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Paspalidium |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Paspalum |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Pennisetum |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Pentameris |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pentapogon |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Pentarrhaphis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Pentaschistis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pereilema |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Periballia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Peridictyon |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Perotis |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Perrierbambus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Perulifera |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Petriella |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Peyritschia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Phacelurus |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Phaenanthoecium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Phaenosperma |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Phalaris |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Pharus |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Pheidochloa |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Phippsia |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Phleum |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Pholiurus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Phragmites |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Phyllorhachis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Phyllostachys |
(none)
|
010011 |
| Pilgerochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Piptatherum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Piptochaetium |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Piptophyllum |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Piresia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Piresiella |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Plagiantha |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Plagiosetum |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Planichloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Plectrachne |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Pleiadelphia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pleuraphis |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Pleuropogon |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Plinthanthesis |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Poa |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Pobeguinea |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Podophorus |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Poecilostachys |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pogonachne |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pogonarthria |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pogonatherum |
(none)
|
011000 |
| Pogoneura |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pogonochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pohlidium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Poidium |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Polevansia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Polliniopsis |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Polypogon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Polytoca |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Polytrias |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Pommereulla |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Porteresia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Potamophila |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Pringleochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Prionanthium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Prosphytochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Psammagrostis |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Psammochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Psathyrostachys |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudanthistiria |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudarrhenatherum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudechinolaena |
(none)
|
100101 |
| Pseudobromus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pseudochaetochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Pseudocoix |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pseudodanthonia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudodichanthium |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudopentameris |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Pseudophleum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudopogonatherum |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Pseudoraphis |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Pseudoroegneria |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Pseudosasa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Pseudosorghum |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Pseudostachyum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudovossia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pseudoxytenanthera |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Pseudozoysia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Psilathera |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Psilolemma |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Psilurus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Pterochloris |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Ptilagrostis |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Puccinellia |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Puelia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Racemobambos |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Raddia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Raddiella |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Ratzeburgia |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Redfieldia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Reederochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Rehia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Reimarochloa |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Reitzia |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Relchela |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Rendlia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Restio |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Reynaudia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Rheochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Rhipidocladum |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Rhizocephalus |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Rhomboelytrum |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Rhynchelytrum |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Rhynchoryza |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Rhytachne |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Richardsiella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Robynsiochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Rottboellia |
(none)
|
101101 |
| Rytidosperma |
(none)
|
001001 |
| Saccharum |
(none)
|
100101 |
| Sacciolepis |
(none)
|
101101 |
| Sartidia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Sasa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Saugetia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Schaffnerella |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Schedonnardus |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Schedonorus |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Schenckochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Schismus |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Schizachne |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Schizachyrium |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Schmidtia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Schoenefeldia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Schizostachyum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Sclerachne |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Sclerochloa |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Sclerodactylon |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Scleropogon |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Sclerostachya |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Scolochloa |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Scribneria |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Scrotochloa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Scutachne |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Secale |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Sehima |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Semiarundinaria |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Sesleria |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Sesleriella |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Setaria |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Setariopsis |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Shibataea |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Silentvalleya |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Simplicia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Sinarundinaria |
(none)
|
011000 |
| Sinobambusa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Sinochasea |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Sitanion |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Snowdenia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Soderstromia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Sohnsia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Sorghastrum |
(none)
|
100011 |
| Sorghum |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Spartina |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Spartochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Spathia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Sphaerobambos |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Sphaerocaryum |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Spheneria |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Sphenopholis |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Sphenopus |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Spinifex |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Spodiopogon |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Sporobolus |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Steinchisma |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Steirachne |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Stenostachys |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Stenotaphrum |
(none)
|
101111 |
| Stephanachne |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Stereochlaena |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Steyermarkochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Stiburus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Stilpnophleum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Stipa |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Stipagrostis |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Streblochaete |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Streptochaeta |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Streptogyna |
(none)
|
100101 |
| Streptolophus |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Streptostachys |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Styppeiochloa |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Sucrea |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Suddia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Swallenia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Swallenochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Symplectrodia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Taeniatherum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Taeniorhachis |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Tarigidia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Tatianyx |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Teinostachyum |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Tetrachaete |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Tetrachne |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Tetrapogon |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Tetrarrhena |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Thamnocalamus |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Thaumastochloa |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Thelepogon |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Thellungia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Themeda |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Thinopyrum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Thrasya |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Thrasyopsis |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Thuarea |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Thyridachne |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Thyridolepis |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Thyrsia |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Thyrsostachys |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Thysanolaena |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Torreyochloa |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Tovarochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Trachypogon |
(none)
|
100011 |
| Trachys |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Tragus |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Tribolium |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Trichloris |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Tricholaena |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Trichoneura |
(none)
|
100011 |
| Trichopteryx |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Tridens |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Trikeraia |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Trilobachne |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Triniochloa |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Triodia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Triplachne |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Triplasis |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Triplopogon |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Tripogon |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Tripsacum |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Triraphis |
(none)
|
101000 |
| Triscenia |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Trisetum |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Tristachya |
(none)
|
100001 |
| Triticosecale |
(none)
|
?????? |
| Triticum |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Tsvelevia |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Tuctoria |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Uniola |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Uranthoecium |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Urelytrum |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Urochloa |
(none)
|
100101 |
| Urochondra |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Vahlodea |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Vaseyochloa |
(none)
|
000010 |
| Ventenata |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Vetiveria |
(none)
|
101100 |
| Vietnamochloa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Vietnamosasa |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Viguierella |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Vossia |
(none)
|
110100 |
| Vulpia |
(none)
|
110011 |
| Vulpiella |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Wangenheimia |
(none)
|
110000 |
| Whiteochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
| Willkommia |
(none)
|
100011 |
| Xerochloa |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Yakirra |
(none)
|
001100 |
| Ystia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Yushania |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Yvesia |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Zea |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Zenkeria |
(none)
|
000100 |
| Zeugites |
(none)
|
000001 |
| Zingeria |
(none)
|
010000 |
| Zizania |
(none)
|
010010 |
| Zizaniopsis |
(none)
|
000011 |
| Zonotriche |
(none)
|
100000 |
| Zoysia |
(none)
|
111111 |
| Zygochloa |
(none)
|
001000 |
Columns
| Column |
Character Description |
|
1
|
Africa
|
|
2
|
Eurasia
|
|
3
|
Australia
|
|
4
|
S.E. Asia
|
|
5
|
N. America
|
|
6
|
S. America
|
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Citation
Taxa
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Trees
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