@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23413, author = {Andrea Weeks and Felipe Zapata and Susan Pell and Douglas C Daly and John D. Mitchell and Paul Van Antwerp Fine}, title = {To move or to evolve: contrasting patterns of intercontinental connectivity and climatic niche evolution in the "Terebinthaceae" (Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae) }, year = {2014}, keywords = {biogeography, biome shifts, continental vicariance, diversification, long-distance dispersal, phylogenetic niche conservatism}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Frontiers in Genetics Evolutionary and Population Genetics}, volume = {Special volume}, number = {}, pages = {Origin of tropical diversity: from clades to communities}, abstract = {Many angiosperm families are distributed pantropically, yet for any given continent little is known about which lineages are ancient residents or recent arrivals. Here we use a comprehensive sampling of the sister pair Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae to assess the probable influence of continental vicariance, long-distance dispersal and niche-conservatism in generating its distinctive pattern of pantropical diversity over time. Each family has approximately the same number of species and identical stem age, yet Anacardiaceae display a broader range of fruit morphologies and dispersal strategies and includes species that can withstand freezing temperatures, whereas Burseraceae do not. We found that nuclear and chloroplast data yielded a highly-supported phylogenetic reconstruction that supports current taxonomic concepts and time-calibrated biogeographic reconstructions that are broadly congruent with the fossil record. We conclude that the most recent common ancestor of these families was widespread and likely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere during the Cretaceous; vicariance between Eastern and Western Hemispheres coincided with the initial divergence of the families. The tempo of diversification of the families is strikingly different, the Anacardiaceae steadily accumulates lineages starting in the Late Cretaceous - Paleocene while the majority of Burseraceae diversification occurs in the Miocene. Multiple intercontinental dispersal- and vicariance-based colonization events are inferred for both families throughout the past 100 million years. However, Ancardiacaeae have shifted climatic niches frequently during this time, including several colonizations of the temperate zone, while Burseraceae have experienced very few shifts between dry and wet climates and only in the tropics. Thus, we conclude that both Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae move easily but Anacardiaceae have a higher capacity to adapt to new climate regimes than Burseraceae.} }

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