@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref14714, author = {Hester L. Bell and J. Travis Columbus}, title = {Proposal for an expanded Distichlis (Poaceae): evidence from molecular, morphological, and anatomical characters}, year = {2008}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Systematic Botany}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {The Distichlis clade comprises Distichlis (7 species), Monanthochlo? (2), and Reederochloa (1). We investigated relationships within the clade using chloroplast (trnLF and ndhF) and nuclear (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer) sequences, macromorphology, leaf blade cross sections, and lemma micromorphology. The clade is supported as monophyletic, but Distichlis as currently used is not monophyletic in either the chloroplast or the nuclear phylogeny. A significant synapomorphy for the clade is the presence of a single papilla in the center of each subsidiary cell on lemmas. Other diagnostic characters include dioecy, growth in saline/alkaline soils, rhizomes and/or stolons, lemma nerve number of 6 to 13, and bicellular microhairs with basal cells sunken into the epidermis. There is conflict between the nuclear and chloroplast trees in the placement of D. humilis, D. laxiflora, and D. scoparia. Both molecular analyses show Monanthochlo? and Reederochloa as being derived from within Distichlis. Their blade lengths, number of spikelets per inflorescence, and number of florets per spikelet also fall within the range for Distichlis. Consequently, we recommend expanding Distichlis to include Monanthochlo? and Reederochloa and publish the new combinations needed: Distichlis acerosa, Distichlis eludens, and Distichlis littoralis.} }

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