@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref19303, author = {Torsten Hugo Struck and Christiane Paul and Natascha Hill and Stefanie Hartmann and Christoph H?sel and Michael Kube and Bernhard Lieb and Achim Meyer and Ralph Tiedemann and Guenter Purschke and Christoph Bleidorn}, title = {Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution}, year = {2011}, keywords = {Phylogenomic, EST data, Annelida, Sedentaria, Errantia}, doi = {10.1038/nature09864}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {471}, number = {}, pages = {95--98}, abstract = {Annelida, the ringed worms, are a highly diverse animal phylum with over 15,000 described species and are the dominant benthic macrofauna from the intertidal down to the deep sea. A robust annelid phylogeny would shape our understanding of animal body plan evolution and shed light on the bilaterian ground pattern. Traditionally Annelida split into two major groups, Clitellata (earthworms and leeches) and polychaetes (bristle worms), but recent evidence suggests to include other taxa once considered separate phyla (i.e., Sipuncula, Echiura, and Siboglinidae, also known as Pogonophora)1-4. However, deep-level evolutionary relationships of Annelida are so far poorly understood and a robust reconstruction of annelid evolutionary history is still wanted. Here we show that phylogenomic analyses of 34 annelid taxa using 47,953 amino acid positions recovered a well-supported phylogeny with strong support for major splits. Our results recover chaetopterids, myzostomids and sipunculids in the basal part of the tree, though the position of Myzostomida remains uncertain due to its long branch. The remaining taxa split into two clades, Errantia (including the model annelid Platynereis) and Sedentaria (including Clitellata). Ancestral character trait reconstructions suggest that these clades show adaptation to either an errant or sedentary life history with alteration of accompanying morphological traits such as peristaltic movement, parapodia, and sensory perception. Finally, life history characters in Annelida seem to be phylogenetically informative.} }

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