@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref20415, author = {Motoaki Tojo and Pieter van West and Tamotsu Hoshino and Kenichi Kida and Hirokazu Fujii and Akiho Hakado and yuki kawaguchi and Hermann Muehlhauser and Albert Hendrik van den Berg and Frithjof Kuepper and Maria Herrero and Sonja Klemsdal and Anne Marte Tronsmo and Hiroshi Kanda}, title = {Pythium polare, a new heterothallic Oomycete causing brown discoloration of Sanionia uncinata in the Arctic and Antarctic}, year = {2012}, keywords = {Bipolar distribution, moss, oomycete, plant pathogen, Pythium polare, Sanionia uncinata }, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Fungal Biology}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Pythium polare sp. nov. is a new heterothallic Oomycete species isolated from fresh water and moss from various locations in both the Arctic and Antarctic. This water mould is able to infect stems and leaves of Sanionia moss (Sanionia uncinata). P. polare causes brown discoloration in in vitro inoculation tests at 5?C after 5 weeks of inoculation. It is characterized by globose sporangia with various lengths of discharge tubes releasing zoospores and aplerotic oospores with usually one to five antheridia. The sexual structures are only produced in a dual culture of antheridial and oogonial isolates. Phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS sequencing, places all isolated strains of P. polare in a unique new clade, hence it is considered a novel species. Pythium canariense and Pythium violae are the most closely related species of P. polare based both on morphology and the phylogenetic analysis. } }

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