@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref20578,
author = {Sigrid Liede-Schumann and Hanghui Kong and Ulrich Meve and Mike Thiv},
title = {Vincetoxicum and Tylophora (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae: Asclepiadeae) - two sides of the same medal: Independent shifts from tropical to temperate habitats },
year = {2012},
keywords = {chromosome numbers, haplotype analysis, molecular systematics, Pentatropis, phylogeny, polyembryony, Tylophora, Tylophorinae, Vincetoxicum},
doi = {},
url = {http://},
pmid = {},
journal = {Taxon},
volume = {61},
number = {4},
pages = {803?825},
abstract = {A revised phylogeny of Tylophorinae, based on 77 species of all genera presently attributed to the subtribe (Biondia,
Blyttia, Diplostigma, Goydera, Pentatropis, Pleurostelma, Rhyncharrhena, Tylophora, Vincetoxicum) is presented. Five chloroplast
markers (trnT-L, trnL-F, and psbA-trnH intergenic spacers as well as the trnL and trnG introns) and two nuclear markers
(ITS, ETS) were used, totalling in 3809 base pairs. Tylophorinae are strongly monophyletic and consist of several well-defined
clades. Backbone resolution between these clades is low, indicating a rapid early radiation. Pentatropis is sister to all remaining
taxa, albeit with weak support; all other taxa form one big clade not corresponding to previous generic delimitations. Therefore,
all genera except for Pentatropis are subsumed under Vincetoxicum. The early branching clades of Vincetoxicum s.l. all grow
in Africa, where the group originated ca. 18 Ma ago, correlating with the closure of the Tethys Ocean. The first round of differentiation
took place between 12 and 15 Ma ago, resulting in Tylophorinae being distributed over almost all of their present
range except for South Africa, Arabia and Europe. Two unrelated lineages of temperate, mostly erect plants hitherto named
?Vincetoxicum? have arisen from more tropical lineages, hitherto named ?Tylophora ?. One clade of African species is nested
inside the Australasian assemblage; this clade contains exclusively polyploid species and its re-immigration to Africa took
place in the Messinian, at ca. 6.8 Ma. The European Vincetoxicum species split from erect steppe plants of temperate Asia at
ca. 4.5 Ma, coinciding with the uplift of the Tibetan plateau. This group contains two species that are presently aggressively
spreading in North America after chance introductions.}
}
Taxa for tree 52493 of Study 12553
Citation title:
"Vincetoxicum and Tylophora (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae: Asclepiadeae) - two sides of the same medal: Independent shifts from tropical to temperate habitats ".
Study name:
"Vincetoxicum and Tylophora (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae: Asclepiadeae) - two sides of the same medal: Independent shifts from tropical to temperate habitats ".
This study is part of submission 12553
(Status: Published).
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