@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23589, author = {Renaud Travadon and Daniel Paul Lawrence and Suzanne Rooney-Latham and W. Douglas Gubler and Philippe eric Rolshausen and kendra baumgartner}, title = {Cadophora species associated with wood-decay of grapevine in North America}, year = {2015}, keywords = {Multigene phylogeny, Phylogenetic species concept, Fungi, Leotiomycetes, Wood pathogens, Vitis, Esca, Petri disease}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Fungal Biology}, volume = {119}, number = {1}, pages = {53--66}, abstract = {The role of Cadophora species in the decline of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), in particular Cadophora luteo-olivacea, has recently been illustrated in California, South Africa, Spain, Uruguay, and Canada. This species has been shown to cause wood lesions and black wood streaking when inoculated to grapevine and its involvement in the decline of young (Petri disease) and mature vines (Esca) is acknowledged. In North America, little is known regarding the diversity of Cadophora species involved in grapevine decline, their geographic distribution, and their ability to degrade grapevine wood. Accordingly, we characterized different Cadophora isolates recovered from decayed grapevine wood sampled from a broad geographic area in North America, using molecular, morphological, and pathogenicity data. Five species, including C. luteo-olivacea and C. melinii, as well as three newly described species, C. orientamericana, C. novi-eboraci, and C. spadicis, were revealed based on phylogenetic analysis of three loci (ITS, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and beta-tubulin). Restricted to the northeastern US were C. orientamericana, C. novi-eboraci, and C. spadicis, whereas C. luteo-olivacea was only recovered from California, and C. melinii was present both in California and Ontario, Canada. Morphological characterization (sizes of conidia, hyphae, conidiophores, and conidiogenous cells) revealed overlapping features among these five species. The four species included in pathogenicity trials (all but C. spadicis) produced wood lesions significantly longer than in control plants after 24 months incubation in the greenhouse, indicating their ability to degrade grapevine wood.} }

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