@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref24845, author = {Eduardo Guatimosim and Pedro Bond Schwartsburd and Robert W. Barreto and Pedro W. Crous}, title = {Novel fungi from an old niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns}, year = {2016}, keywords = {Cercospora, frond spot, multilocus sequence, Mycosphaerella, Pteridophyta, systematics}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Persoonia}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {The fern flora of the world (Pteridophyta) has direct evolutionary links with the earliest vascular plants that appeared in the late Devonian. Knowing the mycobiota associated to this group of plants is critical for a full understanding of the Fungi. Nevertheless, perhaps because of the minor economic significance of ferns, this niche remains relatively neglected by mycologists. Cercosporoid fungi represent a large assemblage of fungi belonging to the Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae (Ascomycota) having cercospora-like asexual morphs. They are well-known pathogens of many important crops, occurring on a wide host range. Here, the results of a taxonomic study of cercosporoid fungi collected on ferns in Brazil are presented. Specimens were obtained from most Brazilian regions and collected over a 7-yr period (2009?2015). Forty-three isolates of cercosporoid and mycosphaerellalike species, collected from 18 host species representing 201 localities, were studied. This resulted in a total of 20 frond-spotting taxa, which were identified based on morphology, ecology and sequence data of five genomic loci (ITS, partial translation elongation factor 1-α, actin, calmodulin and LSU). One novel genus (Clypeosphaerella) and 15 novel species (Cercospora samambaiae, Clypeosphaerella sticheri, Neoceratosperma alsophilae, N. cyatheae, Paramycosphaerella blechni, Pa. cyatheae, Pa. dicranopteridis-flexuosae, Pa. sticheri, Phaeophleospora pteridivora, Pseudocercospora brackenicola, Ps. paranaensis, Ps. serpocaulonicola, Ps. trichogena, Xenomycosphaerella diplazii and Zasmidium cyatheae) are introduced. Furthermore, 11 new combinations (Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii, Neoceratosperma yunnanensis, Paramycosphaerella aerohyalinosporum, Pa. dicranopteridis, Pa. gleicheniae, Pa. irregularis, Pa. madeirensis, Pa. nabiacense, Pa. parkii, Pa. pseudomarksii and Pa. vietnamensis) are proposed. Finally, nine new host associations are recorded for the following known fungal species: Cercospora coniogrammes, Cercospora sp. Q, Ps. abacopteridicola, Ps. lygodiicola and Ps. thelypteridis. } }

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