@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref26821, author = {Hosein Hashemi and Hamid Mohammadi and Jafar Abdollahzadeh}, title = {Symptoms and fungi associated with elm trees decline.}, year = {2017}, keywords = {Botryosphaeriaceae, Phaeoacremonium, decline, elm}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {European Journal of Plant Pathology}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Elm (Ulmus, Ulmaceae) as one of the most useful trees in urban and landscape architecture is widely planted in various cities of Iran. A severe decline of elm trees has recently been observed in some areas of Kerman and Shiraz cities (Iran). However, the identity of the causal agents has not yet been investigated. The purpose of this study, carried out in the years 2012?2014 was to determine which fungal trunk pathogens associated with decline symptoms observed in elm trees. Samples were collected from trunk and branches of trees showing disease symptoms and internal wood lesions. Fungal isolations were made from discolored or decayed wood tissue onto 2% malt extract agar (MEA). In Kerman some elm trees were attacked by Aeolesthes sarta, therefore samples were also collected from larvae and adult of beetles associated with trees showing wood damage. The fungi associated with symptomatic trees were identified by morphological, cultural and molecular characteristics. Thirteen fungal species include of Phaeoacremonium (P.) minimum, P. parasiticum, P. sicilianum, P. alvesii, P. fraxinopennsylvanicum, Spencermartinsia viticola, Dothiorella sarmentorum, Neoscytalidium hyalinum, Diatrype whitmanensis, Cosmospora viridescens, Phoma herbarum, Phellinus tuberculosus and Inonotus levis were identified. Phaeoacremonium parasiticum was the only species isolated from both larvae and adult beetles. Pathogenicity tests were performed on detached shoots of elm under greenhouse conditions. Dothiorella sarmentorum was the most virulent species based on the length of wood necrosis. This study is the first report of P. sicilianum, C. viridescens and P. tuberculosus in Iran. In addition, most of the isolated species are reported for the first time on elm trees in the world.} }

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