@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23169,
author = {Philip S. Ward and Se?n G. Brady and Brian L. Fisher and Ted R. Schultz},
title = {The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)},
year = {2014},
keywords = {Myrmicinae, molecular phylogenetics, Bayesian divergence dating, classification, taxonomy},
doi = {},
url = {http://},
pmid = {},
journal = {Systematic Entomology},
volume = {39},
number = {},
pages = {},
abstract = {This study investigates the evolutionary history of a hyperdiverse clade, the ant subfamily Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), based on analyses of a data matrix comprising 251 species and 11 nuclear gene fragments. Under both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods of inference we recover a robust phylogeny that reveals six major clades of Myrmicinae, here treated as newly defined tribes, and occurring as a pectinate series: Myrmicini, Pogonomyrmecini trib. n., Stenammini, Solenopsidini, Attini, and Crematogastrini. Because we condense the former 25 myrmicine tribes into a new six-tribe scheme, membership in some tribes is now notably different, especially regarding Attini. We demonstrate that the monotypic genus Ankylomyrma is not in the Myrmicinae nor even a member of the more inclusive formicoid clade?rather it is a poneroid ant, sister to the genus Tatuidris (Agroecomyrmecinae). Several species-rich myrmicine genera are shown to be non-monophyletic, including Pogonomyrmex, Aphaenogaster, Messor, Solenopsis, Monomorium, Pheidole, Temnothorax, and Tetramorium. We propose a number of generic synonymies to partially alleviate these problems (senior synonym listed first): Pheidole = Anisopheidole syn. n. = Machomyrma syn. n.; Temnothorax = Chalepoxenus syn. n. = Myrmoxenus syn. n. = Protomognathus syn. n.; Tetramorium = Rhoptromyrmex syn. n. = Anergates syn. n. = Teleutomyrmex syn. n. The genus Veromessor stat. rev. is resurrected for the New World species previously placed in Messor; Syllophopsis stat. rev. is resurrected from synonymy under Monomorium to contain the species in the hildebrandti-group; Trichomyrmex stat. rev. is resurrected from synonymy under Monomorium to contain the species in the scabriceps- and destructor-groups; and the monotypic genus Epelysidris stat rev. is reinstated for Monomorium brocha. Bayesian divergence dating indicates that the crown group Myrmicinae originated about 98.6 Ma (95% highest probability density 87.9?109.6 Ma) but the six major clades are considerably younger, with age estimates ranging from 52.3 to 71.1 Ma. Although these and other suprageneric taxa arose mostly in the middle Eocene or earlier, a number of prominent, species-rich genera, such as Pheidole, Cephalotes, Strumigenys, Crematogaster, and Tetramorium, have estimated crown group origins in the late Eocene or Oligocene. Most myrmicine species diversity resides in the two sister clades, Attini and Crematogastrini, which are estimated to have originated and diversified extensively in the Neotropics and Paleotropics, respectively. The newly circumscribed Myrmicini is Holarctic in distribution, and ancestral range estimation suggests a Nearctic origin. The Pogonomyrmecini and Solenopsidini are reconstructed as being Neotropical in origin, but they have subsequently colonized the Nearctic region (Pogonomyrmecini) and many parts of the Old World as well as the Nearctic region (Solenopsidini), respectively. The Stenammini have flourished primarily in the northern hemisphere, and are most likely of Nearctic origin, but selected lineages have dispersed to the northern Neotropics and the Paleotropics. Thus the evolutionary history of the Myrmicinae has played out on a global stage over the last 100 million years, with no single region being the principal generator of species diversity.}
}
Taxa for Study 15764
Citation title:
"The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)".
Study name:
"The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)".
This study is part of submission 15764
(Status: Published).
Taxa
ID |
Taxon Label |
NCBI taxid |
uBIO namebankID |
1486742 |
Acanthognathus ocellatus |
411800
|
2734230
|
1486539 |
Acanthomyrmex ferox |
|
2734240
|
1486755 |
Acanthoponera minor |
411730
|
2738425
|
1486615 |
Acromyrmex versicolor |
411731
|
3867729
|
1486557 |
Adelomyrmex SC01 |
|
|
1486666 |
Adelomyrmex paratristani |
|
|
1486726 |
Adlerzia froggatti |
|
2734277
|
1486516 |
Allomerus octoarticulatus |
340333
|
2734281
|
1486746 |
Amblyopone australis |
219765
|
2738433
|
1486621 |
Ancyridris polyrhachioides nr |
|
|
1486522 |
Anergates atratulus |
|
2734285
|
1486549 |
Aneuretus simoni |
369090
|
2730633
|
1486528 |
Anillomyrma AFRC TZ 01 |
|
|
1486579 |
Anillomyrma decamera |
|
2734286
|
1486756 |
Anisopheidole antipodum |
|
2734288
|
1486646 |
Ankylomyrma coronacantha |
|
2734289
|
1486518 |
Aphaenogaster albisetosa |
411734
|
2626244
|
1486685 |
Aphaenogaster araneoides |
|
2734293
|
1486680 |
Aphaenogaster occidentalis |
309850
|
2734368
|
1486540 |
Aphaenogaster pythia |
|
2734381
|
1486712 |
Aphaenogaster swammerdami |
411735
|
2734409
|
1486750 |
Apterogyna ZA01 |
|
|
1486641 |
Apterostigma auriculatum |
257669
|
2734425
|
1486725 |
Atopomyrmex mocquerysi |
369096
|
2734455
|
1486599 |
Atta texana |
493209
|
2598464
|
1486699 |
Austromorium flavigaster |
|
|
1486535 |
Baracidris sitra |
|
2734474
|
1486542 |
Bariamyrma hispidula |
|
2734475
|
1486732 |
Basiceros manni |
411698
|
2734479
|
1486673 |
Blepharidatta conops |
|
2734484
|
1486525 |
Calyptomyrmex kaurus |
|
2734499
|
1486668 |
Cardiocondyla MY01 |
|
|
1486716 |
Cardiocondyla mauritanica |
314138
|
2734522
|
1486642 |
Cardiocondyla thoracica |
|
2734539
|
1486527 |
Carebara AU01 |
|
|
1486658 |
Carebara affinis |
|
|
1486711 |
Carebara alperti |
|
|
1486683 |
Carebara nosindambo |
|
|
1486547 |
Carebara urichi |
|
8331203
|
1486644 |
Carebara vidua |
|
2734560
|
1486564 |
Carebarella PA01 |
|
|
1486543 |
Cataulacus ebrardi |
|
2734575
|
1486536 |
Cataulacus hispidulus |
|
2734584
|
1486630 |
Cephalotes atratus |
493210
|
2734640
|
1486512 |
Cephalotes texanus |
|
2734756
|
1486748 |
Chalepoxenus kutteri |
106183
|
2734767
|
1486529 |
Colobostruma unicorna |
|
5722129
|
1486728 |
Crematogaster acuta |
|
2734792
|
1486616 |
Crematogaster emeryana |
411701
|
2626308
|
1486575 |
Crematogaster kelleri |
|
2734978
|
1486629 |
Crematogaster modiglianii |
|
2735026
|
1486700 |
Crematogaster sordidula |
|
2735131
|
1486727 |
Cryptomyrmex boltoni |
|
5483430
|
1486610 |
Cyphoidris exalta |
607000
|
2735182
|
1486620 |
Cyphomyrmex cornutus |
493211
|
2730650
|
1486546 |
Cyphomyrmex longiscapus cf |
|
|
1486571 |
Dacatria templaris |
|
2735186
|
1486562 |
Dacetinops ignotus cf |
|
|
1486757 |
Daceton armigerum |
253836
|
2735194
|
1486747 |
Diaphoromyrma sofiae |
|
|
1486623 |
Dicroaspis KM01 |
|
|
1486694 |
Dilobocondyla borneensis cf |
|
|
1486515 |
Diplomorium longipenne |
|
2735208
|
1486734 |
Dolichoderus pustulatus |
0
|
2626333
|
1486659 |
Dolopomyrmex pilatus |
|
|
1486678 |
Epopostruma monstrosa |
|
2735230
|
1486654 |
Eurhopalothrix australis |
|
2735237
|
1486551 |
Eurhopalothrix gravis |
|
2735250
|
1486596 |
Eutetramorium mocquerysi |
411750
|
2735269
|
1486581 |
Formicoxenus diversipilosus |
|
2598476
|
1486619 |
Gauromyrmex acanthinus |
|
|
1486573 |
Goniomma blanci |
|
2735274
|
1486594 |
Harpagoxenus sublaevis |
27500
|
2735278
|
1486524 |
Huberia brounii |
0
|
2735280
|
1486593 |
Hylomyrma blandiens |
|
2735283
|
1486671 |
Kalathomyrmex emeryi |
|
|
1486691 |
Kartidris sparsipila |
|
6050921
|
1486707 |
Kempfidris inusualis |
|
|
1486611 |
Lachnomyrmex scrobiculatus |
|
2735307
|
1486567 |
Lasius californicus |
262027
|
5433894
|
1486664 |
Lenomyrmex colwelli |
|
|
1486643 |
Leptothorax muscorum complex |
640845
|
|
1486662 |
Liomyrmex gestroi |
|
2735592
|
1486698 |
Lophomyrmex ambiguus |
|
2735598
|
1486686 |
Lordomyrma bhutanensis cf |
|
|
1486531 |
Lordomyrma desupra |
611200
|
|
1486714 |
Machomyrma dispar |
|
2735623
|
1486638 |
Malagidris belti |
|
|
1486702 |
Malagidris jugum |
|
|
1486738 |
Manica bradleyi |
411760
|
2598491
|
1486583 |
Manica rubida |
219785
|
2735624
|
1486695 |
Mayriella ebbei |
411761
|
10327984
|
1486523 |
Megalomyrmex silvestrii |
|
2735656
|
1486622 |
Melissotarsus insularis |
|
2735665
|
1486576 |
Meranoplus castaneus |
|
2735675
|
1486606 |
Meranoplus radamae |
411762
|
2735710
|
1486560 |
Mesostruma browni |
|
2735721
|
1486752 |
Messor andrei |
411763
|
2598493
|
1486624 |
Messor denticornis |
411764
|
2735755
|
1486645 |
Messor wasmanni |
|
2735824
|
1486703 |
Metapone PG01 |
|
|
1486625 |
Metapone madagascarica |
369169
|
2735834
|
1486589 |
Microdaceton tibialis |
411709
|
2735842
|
1486684 |
Monomorium MG04 |
|
|
1486544 |
Monomorium antarcticum |
|
2735857
|
1486717 |
Monomorium brocha |
|
|
1486572 |
Monomorium criniceps |
|
2735898
|
1486674 |
Monomorium denticulatum |
|
|
1486696 |
Monomorium destructor |
369170
|
1904341
|
1486563 |
Monomorium ergatogyna |
411765
|
2626494
|
1486718 |
Monomorium exiguum |
|
2735931
|
1486655 |
Monomorium ferodens |
|
|
1486635 |
Monomorium fieldi nr |
|
|
1486628 |
Monomorium fisheri |
|
|
1486720 |
Monomorium hanneli |
|
2735951
|
1486592 |
Monomorium latinode |
|
1904345
|
1486754 |
Monomorium madecassum |
|
2736000
|
1486607 |
Monomorium pharaonis |
307658
|
1904346
|
1486675 |
Monomorium robustior |
|
2736053
|
1486636 |
Monomorium sechellense |
|
1904347
|
1486719 |
Mycetarotes acutus |
493213
|
6285039
|
1486701 |
Mycetosoritis hartmanni |
34710
|
2598499
|
1486677 |
Mycocepurus goeldii |
64788
|
2736134
|
1486605 |
Myrmecia pyriformis |
229063
|
5455065
|
1486534 |
Myrmecina PG01 |
|
|
1486509 |
Myrmecina americana |
357227
|
2626500
|
1486651 |
Myrmecina graminicola |
357228
|
2736144
|
1486730 |
Myrmelachista flavocotea |
|
8331221
|
1486577 |
Myrmica kotokui |
283011
|
1904354
|
1486660 |
Myrmica rugiventris |
571779
|
2598501
|
1486582 |
Myrmica striolagaster |
411767
|
2736253
|
1486639 |
Myrmica tahoensis |
27493
|
2626547
|
1486648 |
Myrmicaria carinata |
|
2736278
|
1486735 |
Myrmicaria exigua |
411768
|
2736281
|
1486517 |
Myrmicine genus26 PH02 |
|
|
1486672 |
Myrmicocrypta infuscata cf |
|
|
1486618 |
Myrmisaraka brevis |
|
|
1486565 |
Myrmoxenus bernardi |
|
|
1486713 |
Nesomyrmex MG01 |
|
|
1486519 |
Nesomyrmex MG08 |
|
|
1486598 |
Nesomyrmex echinatinodis |
411711
|
8331236
|
1486537 |
Nesomyrmex madecassus |
|
8350218
|
1486656 |
Nesomyrmex wilda |
|
8331243
|
1486602 |
Nothomyrmecia macrops |
147889
|
2738422
|
1486526 |
Ochetomyrmex neopolitus |
|
5542789
|
1486633 |
Ochetomyrmex semipolitus |
|
2736336
|
1486744 |
Octostruma EC01 |
|
|
1486612 |
Ocymyrmex fortior cf |
|
|
1486541 |
Orectognathus versicolor |
411715
|
2736507
|
1486679 |
Oxyepoecus vezenyii |
|
2736517
|
1486520 |
Oxyopomyrmex santschii |
|
2736527
|
1486667 |
Paraponera clavata |
55425
|
2739433
|
1486552 |
Paratopula TH01 |
|
|
1486568 |
Perissomyrmex snyderi |
|
2736552
|
1486708 |
Phalacromyrmex fugax |
|
2736555
|
1486669 |
Pheidole clydei |
411773
|
2626586
|
1486731 |
Pheidole fimbriata |
458930
|
2736709
|
1486650 |
Pheidole hyatti |
411774
|
2626601
|
1486739 |
Pheidole longispinosa |
|
2736797
|
1486733 |
Pheidole lucioccipitalis |
|
5644850
|
1486709 |
Pheidole pallidula |
190770
|
2736859
|
1486553 |
Pheidole rhea |
369197
|
2626618
|
1486578 |
Pilotrochus besmerus |
411717
|
2737056
|
1486663 |
Platythyrea mocquerysi |
309839
|
2739460
|
1486569 |
Podomyrma silvicola |
|
2737107
|
1486574 |
Poecilomyrma myrmecodiae |
|
|
1486706 |
Pogonomyrmex angustus |
269688
|
2737117
|
1486729 |
Pogonomyrmex imberbiculus |
144029
|
2626649
|
1486693 |
Pogonomyrmex striatinodus |
|
6117096
|
1486692 |
Pogonomyrmex subdentatus |
231977
|
2626655
|
1486600 |
Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus |
269705
|
2737153
|
1486743 |
Pristomyrmex orbiceps |
|
2737174
|
1486665 |
Pristomyrmex punctatus |
507543
|
2737180
|
1486704 |
Proatta butteli |
369213
|
2737192
|
1486627 |
Proceratium stictum |
292134
|
2739592
|
1486736 |
Procryptocerus scabriusculus |
411783
|
2737221
|
1486588 |
Propodilobus pingorum |
|
|
1486745 |
Protalaridris armata |
|
2737233
|
1486566 |
Recurvidris TH01 |
|
|
1486554 |
Rhopalomastix rothneyi |
411787
|
2737423
|
1486682 |
Rhopalothrix isthmica |
|
2737428
|
1486626 |
Rhoptromyrmex transversinodis |
|
2737442
|
1486617 |
Rhytidoponera chalybaea |
411788
|
2739620
|
1486737 |
Rogeria nevadensis |
|
6310584
|
1486710 |
Rogeria stigmatica |
|
2737465
|
1486555 |
Romblonella scrobifera |
|
2737473
|
1486637 |
Rotastruma recava |
|
2737478
|
1486597 |
Rotastruma stenoceps |
|
2737479
|
1486550 |
Royidris longiseta |
|
|
1486614 |
Royidris notorthotenes |
|
|
1486609 |
Secostruma MY01 |
|
|
1486595 |
Solenopsis ZA02 |
|
|
1486649 |
Solenopsis fugax |
|
2737546
|
1486513 |
Solenopsis mameti |
443844
|
2737587
|
1486538 |
Solenopsis molesta |
411725
|
2598541
|
1486689 |
Solenopsis papuana |
|
2737612
|
1486584 |
Solenopsis succinea |
|
2737649
|
1486722 |
Solenopsis xyloni |
310435
|
2626696
|
1486521 |
Stegomyrmex manni |
|
2737671
|
1486721 |
Stenamma dyscheres |
411790
|
2626702
|
1486533 |
Stenamma expolitum |
625355
|
2737679
|
1486548 |
Stenamma striatulum |
625387
|
2737695
|
1486676 |
Stigmatomma pallipes |
|
|
1486511 |
Strongylognathus testaceus |
|
2737725
|
1486532 |
Strumigenys ambatrix |
|
|
1486634 |
Strumigenys biolleyi |
|
2737732
|
1486751 |
Strumigenys chiricahua |
|
|
1486510 |
Strumigenys chyzeri |
|
2737743
|
1486559 |
Strumigenys coveri |
|
5721806
|
1486603 |
Strumigenys dicomas |
411791
|
5721824
|
1486647 |
Strumigenys emmae |
443846
|
1904440
|
1486740 |
Strumigenys erynnes |
|
|
1486661 |
Strumigenys exiguaevitae |
|
|
1486530 |
Strumigenys godeffroyi |
507514
|
2737773
|
1486587 |
Strumigenys gundlachi |
|
|
1486580 |
Strumigenys ludovici |
|
|
1486632 |
Strumigenys maxillaris |
|
|
1486586 |
Strumigenys membranifera |
|
|
1486545 |
Strumigenys nitens |
|
|
1486670 |
Strumigenys ocypete |
|
|
1486558 |
Strumigenys olsoni |
|
|
1486759 |
Strumigenys rogeri |
443847
|
2737842
|
1486715 |
Talaridris mandibularis |
|
2737885
|
1486613 |
Tatuidris tatusia |
369239
|
2737886
|
1486591 |
Tatuidris tatusia 2 |
369239
|
2737886
|
1486604 |
Teleutomyrmex kutteri |
|
2737887
|
1486705 |
Temnothorax poeyi |
|
|
1486753 |
Temnothorax rugatulus |
215518
|
5971769
|
1486749 |
Terataner MG02 |
663823
|
|
1486585 |
Terataner MG27 |
|
|
1486681 |
Terataner bottegoi |
|
2737890
|
1486657 |
Tetheamyrma subspongia |
|
2737901
|
1486687 |
Tetramorium CF01 |
|
|
1486723 |
Tetramorium MG125 |
|
|
1486741 |
Tetramorium caespitum cf |
|
|
1486561 |
Tetramorium severini |
|
2738230
|
1486514 |
Tetramorium spinosum |
|
2738242
|
1486590 |
Tetramorium taylori |
|
2738259
|
1486608 |
Tetramorium validiusculum |
411796
|
2738282
|
1486570 |
Tetramorium venator |
|
|
1486640 |
Tetraponera rufonigra |
28640
|
2739931
|
1486601 |
Trachymyrmex arizonensis |
411797
|
2598543
|
1486688 |
Tranopelta gilva |
|
2738343
|
1486724 |
Tranopelta subterranea |
369247
|
2738345
|
1486631 |
Tropidomyrmex elianae |
|
|
1486556 |
Tyrannomyrmex legatus |
|
|
1486690 |
Vitsika suspicax |
|
|
1486653 |
Vollenhovia emeryi |
411798
|
1904462
|
1486758 |
Vombisidris bilongrudi |
|
2738397
|
1486697 |
Wasmannia auropunctata |
64793
|
2738408
|
1486652 |
Xenomyrmex floridanus |
369252
|
2626725
|