@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref25907, author = {D Rabern Simmons and Z. Wilhelm de Beer and Yin-Tse Huang and Craig Bateman and Alina S. Campbell and Tyler James Dreaden and You Li and Randy C. ploetz and Adam Black and Hou-Feng Li and Chi-Yu Chen and Michael J. Wingfield and Jiri Hulcr}, title = {New Raffaelea species (Ophiostomatales) from the United States and Taiwan associated with ambrosia beetles and plant hosts.}, year = {2016}, keywords = {18S rDNA, ITS rDNA}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {IMA Fungus}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Raffaelea (Ophiostomatales) is a genus of more than 20 ophiostomatoid fungi commonly in symbioses with wood-boring ambrosia beetles. We examined ambrosia beetles and plant hosts in the United States and Taiwan for the presence of these mycosymbionts and found 22 isolates representing known and undescribed lineages of Raffaelea. From 28S rDNA and βT sequences, we generated a molecular phylogeny of the Ophiostomatales and observed morphological features of seven cultures representing undescribed lineages in Raffaelea s. str. From these analyses, we describe five species in Raffaelea s. str.: R. aguacate sp. nov., R. campbellii sp. nov., R. crossotarsa sp. nov., R. cyclorhipidia sp. nov., and R. xyleborina sp. nov. Our analyses also identified two plant-pathogenic species of Raffaelea associated with previously undocumented beetle hosts: (1) R. quercivora, the causative agent of Japanese oak wilt, from Cyclorhipidion ohnoi and Crossotarsus emancipatus in Taiwan, and (2) R. lauricola, the pathogen of laurel wilt, from Ambrosiodmus lecontei in Florida. The results of this study show that Raffaelea and associated ophiostomatoid fungi have been poorly sampled and that future investigations on ambrosia beetle mycosymbionts should reveal a substantially increased diversity.} }

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