TreeBASE Search-Analyses for study 23981

@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref29295, author = {Daniel Michael Portik}, title = {Sexual Dichromatism Drives Diversification Within a Major Radiation of African Amphibians}, year = {2019}, keywords = {Anura, Afrobatrachia, diversification, color evolution, macroevolution, sexual selection}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Systematic Biology}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Theory predicts that sexually dimorphic traits under strong sexual selection, particularly those involved with intersexual signaling, can accelerate speciation and produce bursts of diversification. Sexual dichromatism (sexual dimorphism in color) is widely used as a proxy for sexual selection and is associated with rapid diversification in several animal groups, yet studies using phylogenetic comparative methods to explicitly test for an association between sexual dichromatism and diversification have produced conflicting results. Sexual dichromatism is rare in frogs, but it is both striking and prevalent in African reed frogs, a major component of the diverse frog radiation termed Afrobatrachia. In contrast to most other vertebrates, reed frogs display female-biased dichromatism in which females undergo color transformation, often resulting in more ornate coloration in females than in males. We produce a robust phylogeny of Afrobatrachia to investigate the evolutionary origins of sexual dichromatism in this radiation and examine whether the presence of dichromatism is associated with increased rates of net diversification. We find that sexual dichromatism evolved once within hyperoliids and was followed by numerous independent reversals to monochromatism. We detect significant diversification rate heterogeneity in Afrobatrachia and find that sexually dichromatic lineages have double the average net diversification rate of monochromatic lineages. By conducting trait simulations on our empirical phylogeny, we demonstrate that our inference of trait-dependent diversification is robust. Although sexual dichromatism in hyperoliid frogs is linked to their rapid diversification and supports macroevolutionary predictions of speciation by sexual selection, the function of dichromatism in reed frogs remains unclear. We propose that reed frogs are a compelling system for studying the roles of natural and sexual selection on the evolution of sexual dichromatism across micro- and macroevolutionary timescales.} }

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Analyses for Study 23981

Citation title: "Sexual Dichromatism Drives Diversification Within a Major Radiation of African Amphibians".

Study name: "Sexual Dichromatism Drives Diversification Within a Major Radiation of African Amphibians".

This study is part of submission 23981 (Status: Published).

Analyses

Analysis 1

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1 Input object(s)

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Divergence Dating with BEAST --

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We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of Afrobatrachian frogs from the five nuclear gene and mtDNA data set using a maximum likelihood (ML) approach in RAXML v8 (Stamatakis 2014). To preserve the relationships inferred with our species tree analyses of sequence capture loci, the sequence capture hyperoliid species tree containing 153 taxa (143 ingroup and 10 outgroup taxa) was used as a partial constraint tree for the ML analysis of the 283-taxon alignment of six loci. A preliminary step for our divergence dating analyses in BEAST v1.8.1 (Drummond et al. 2012) involved transforming the ML Afrobatrachian frog tree to an ultrametric tree, and for this we used penalized likelihood with the ?chronopl? function of APE (Sanderson 2002; Paradis et al. 2004), setting age bounds to allow divergence times to be compatible with our BEAST calibration priors. We performed analyses using a fixed ultrametric starting tree topology by removing relevant operators acting on the tree model. We used four secondary calibration points with normal distributions to constrain the most recent common ancestors (MRCAs) of Afrobatrachia to 80 Ma ? 5 SD, (Hemisotidae + Brevicipitidae) to 50 Ma ? 5 SD, Arthroleptidae to 40 Ma ? 5 SD, and Hyperoliidae to 40 Ma ? 5 SD. These secondary calibration points are based on a consensus of age estimates for Afrobatrachian frogs resulting from multiple studies incorporating fossil calibrations and/or secondary calibrations (Roelants et al. 2007; Kurabayashi & Masayuki 2013; Loader et al. 2014; Portik & Blackburn 2016). We used the Yule model of speciation as the tree prior, applied an uncorrelated relaxed lognormal clock, and ran two analyses for 30,000,000 generations sampling every 3,000 generations. Runs were assessed using TRACER v1.5.0 (Rambaut et al. 2013) to examine convergence, and a maximum clade credibility tree with median heights was created from 7,500 trees after discarding a burn-in of 2,500 trees

Output data

Analyses for Study 23981

Analyses

Analysis 1

1 Input object(s)

Divergence Dating with BEAST --

1 Output object(s)