@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref31133,
author = {Alfonso Daniel Victoria Arellano and Leandro Jos? Dallagnol and Gustavo Martins da Silva and Eduardo Guatimosim and Luana Geri Moreira and Keilor da Rosa Dorneles},
title = {Seeds coated with Trichoderma atroviride and soil amended with silicon improve the resistance of Lolium multiflorum against Pyricularia oryzae},
year = {2020},
keywords = {Gray leaf spot, biological control, plant defense, induction of resistance, antimicrobial compounds},
doi = {},
url = {http://},
pmid = {},
journal = {Biological control},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
abstract = {Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) is a forage species with a high content of protein and good palatability and digestibility.
In winter, it is frequently used in southern Brazil as feed for livestock. The high humidity in this region
is propitious for gray leaf spot, a disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae, considered to be the region?s main
biotic problem. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of three types of management, namely seed coating
with Trichoderma atroviride (T), application of silicon in the soil (Si), and combination of both treatments (TSi),
to reduce the severity of gray leaf spot. In the first phase, the capacity of 10 native isolates of Trichoderma spp.
were evaluated in vitro for direct inhibition of P. oryzae based on tests of dual cultures (DC), antibiosis for volatile
(Vol), and non-volatile compounds (Nvol). In vivo trials involved the ability to induce resistance responses, such
as quantifying severity (SEV) and number of lesions (NL) per cm2 of leaf area. In the second phase, the efficacy
of T, Si, and TSi was tested under greenhouse conditions. The lesion expansion rate (LER), relative efficiency of
infection (RIE), SEV and NL were measured (after inoculation with P. oryzae), and in parallel the activities of the
enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL)
were quantified (at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h). The strain TR10 (identified by polyphasic taxonomy as T. atroviride)
showed one of the highest inhibition values in Vol (23%) and DC (35%). This strain (TR10) had the lowest levels
of SEV (5.5%) and NL (3), in contrast with the other strains according to analysis of variance. Under greenhouse
conditions, significant differences (P < 0.0001) were found for LER, RIE, NL and SEV in T, Si, and TSi concerning
TE (control treatment). The defense response of T was related to the activities of CAT, POX, and PAL (mainly),
while for Si, other mechanisms, which were not evaluated in this study, might have contributed to disease reduction,
and TSi did not show an additive effect. The treatment of seeds with T. atroviride and the application of Si
in the soil improved the resistance of L. multiforum against infection by P. oryzae.}
}
Citation title: "Seeds coated with Trichoderma atroviride and soil amended with silicon improve the resistance of Lolium multiflorum against Pyricularia oryzae".
Study name: "Seeds coated with Trichoderma atroviride and soil amended with silicon improve the resistance of Lolium multiflorum against Pyricularia oryzae".
This study is part of submission 26799
(Status: Published).
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Citation title: "Seeds coated with Trichoderma atroviride and soil amended with silicon improve the resistance of Lolium multiflorum against Pyricularia oryzae".
