@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23226, author = {Brian Blake Andres and James M. Clark and Xing Xu}, title = {The Earliest Pterodactyloid and the Origin of the Group}, year = {2014}, keywords = {}, doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.030}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.030}, pmid = {}, journal = {Current Biology}, volume = {24}, number = {}, pages = {1011--1016}, abstract = {The pterosaurs were a diverse group of Mesozoic flying rep- tiles that underwent a body plan reorganization, adaptive ra- diation, and replacement of earlier forms midway through their long history, resulting in the origin of the Pterodacty- loidea, a highly specialized clade containing the largest flying organisms. The sudden appearance and large suite of morphological features of this group were suggested to be the result of it originating in terrestrial environments, where the pterosaur fossil record has traditionally been poor [1, 2], and its many features suggested to be adapta- tions to those environments [1, 2]. However, little evidence has been available to test this hypothesis, and it has not been supported by previous phylogenies or early pterodac- tyloid discoveries. We report here the earliest pterosaur with the diagnostic elongate metacarpus of the Pterodactyloidea, Kryptodrakon progenitor, gen. et sp. nov., from the terres- trial Middle-Upper Jurassic boundary of Northwest China. Phylogenetic analysis confirms this species as the basal- most pterodactyloid and reconstructs a terrestrial origin and a predominantly terrestrial history for the Pterodacty- loidea. Phylogenetic comparative methods support this reconstruction by means of a significant correlation be- tween wing shape and environment also found in modern flying vertebrates, indicating that pterosaurs lived in or were at least adapted to the environments in which they were preserved.} }

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