@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23777, author = {Laszlo Bartha and G?bor Sramk? and Polina A. Volkova and Bo?tjan Surina and Alexander L. Ivanov and Horia L. Banciu}, title = {Patterns of plastid DNA differentiation in Erythronium (Liliaceae) are consistent with allopatric lineage divergence in Europe across longitude and latitude}, year = {2015}, keywords = {Carpathian Basin, cryptic northern refugia, long distance dispersal, oceanic-continental gradient, phylogeography, temperate species}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Plant Systematic and Evolution}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Little attention has been paid so far to the genetic legacy of the oceanic-continental gradient across Europe. Due to this gradient steppe regions become more extensive and mesic environments become more scattered towards the East. A well suited system to study the impact of this gradient on lineage differentiation is the temperate mesophilic plant Erythronium dens-canis (Liliaceae), which is widespread in southern Europe with a distribution gap in the Pannonian Plain. Moreover, the large disjunction between E. dens-canis and its sister species E. caucasicum coincides with the Pontic steppe region. By applying range-wide sampling of E. dens-canis and limited sampling of E. caucasicum, we explored their phylogeography using the plastid regions rpl32-trnL and rps15-ycf1. Three major phylogroups were identified: a Caucasian lineage, a highly structured and narrowly distributed Transylvanian lineage, and a more homogenous and widely distributed ?non-Transylvanian? lineage. Apparently, both physiographic (mountain) and climatic (steppe) barriers have caused allopatric differentiation in European Erythronium. The Southern Carpathians constitute a latitudinal barrier and the Pannonian Plain a longitudinal barrier between the Transylvanian and ?non-Transylvanian? lineages of E. dens-canis. The eastern Carpathian Basin likely functioned as a combination of cryptic eastern (mesic) and cryptic northern refugia for E. dens-canis during glacial periods. The Eastern Carpathians and particularly the Pontic steppe regions acted as a longitudinal barrier between E. dens-canis and E. caucasicum. As steppe-dominated gaps in the distribution range of Erythronium are mirrored by genetic discontinuities along longitudes this highlights the important role of the oceanic-continental gradient throughout Europe for lineage differentiation.} }

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