@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref26833, author = {Dries Van den Broeck and Robert Lucking and Ester Gaya and Jose Luis Chaves and Julius B. Lejju and Damien Ertz}, title = {Heterocyphelium leucampyx (Arthoniales, Ascomycota): another orphaned mazaediate lichen finds its way home}, year = {2017}, keywords = {Alyxoria, Caliciales, Heterocyphelium, Lecanographaceae, mtSSU, phylogeny, RPB2}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {The Lichenologist}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Heterocyphelium is a mazaediate genus, containing a single species, H. leucampyx. The species was originally described from Cuba within the genus Trachylia (Arthoniales, Arthoniaceae) and later placed in various genera of the collective order Caliciales s.lat. For the past three decades, Heterocyphelium was considered an orphaned genus (incertae sedis) within the Ascomycota, since morphology alone could not resolve its systematic position. In this study, we added molecular data with the aim to resolve this uncertainty. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of newly generated sequence data from the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA small subunit (mtSSU) and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (RPB2) provide clear evidence that Heterocyphelium leucampyx is nested within the order Arthoniales, in the family Lecanographaceae, sister to the genus Alyxoria. Heterocyphelium is a further example of parallel evolution of passive spore dispersal, prototunicate asci and the occurrence of a mazaedium in the Ascomycota; and another calicioid genus whose systematic placement could be eventually clarified by means of molecular data. Heterocyphelium happens to be the fourth mazaediate genus in Arthoniales, in addition to Sporostigma, Tylophorella and Tylophoron, and the first outside the family Arthoniaceae, included in this same order.} }

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