@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23977, author = {Liyuan Yang and Carlos A Machado and Xiao-Dong Dang and Yan-Qiong Peng and Da-Rong Yang and Wan-Jin Liao and Da-Yong Zhang}, title = {The incidence and pattern of co-pollinator diversification in dioecious and monoecious figs}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Ficus, fig-pollinating wasp, breeding system, host switching, co-speciation, host specificity}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Evolution}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Differences in breeding system are associated with correlated ecological and morphological changes in plants. In Ficus, dioecy and monoecy are strongly associated with different suites of traits (tree height, population density, fruiting frequency, pollinator dispersal ecology). Although ~30% of fig species are pollinated by multiple species of fig-pollinating wasps it has been suggested that co-pollinators are rare in dioecious figs. Here we test whether there is a connection between fig breeding system and co-pollinator incidence and diversification by conducting a meta-analysis of molecular data from pollinators of 119 fig species that includes new data from 15 Asian fig species. We find that the incidence of co-pollinators is not significantly different between monoecious and dioecious Ficus, and while all co-pollinators in dioecious figs are sister taxa, only 32.1% in monoecious figs are sister taxa. We present hypotheses to explain those patterns and discuss their consequences on the evolution of this mutualism.} }

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