TreeBASE Search-Matrix of study 2191

@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref2128, author = {Jens C. Frisvad and Jos Houbraken and Robert A Samson and Janos Varga and Robert A Samson}, title = {Polyphasic taxonomy of the heat resistant ascomycete genus Byssochlamys and its Paecilomyces anamorphs.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Persoonia}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {The genus Paecilomyces is restricted to anamorphs of the ascomycetous genus Byssochlamys. Byssochlamys and related Paecilomyces strains are often heat resistant and may produce mycotoxins in contaminated pasteurized foodstuffs. A comparative study of all Byssochlamys species was carried out using a polyphasic approach to find characters that differentiate species and to establish accurate data on potential mycotoxin production by each species. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region and parts of the ?-tubulin and calmodulin genes, macro- and micromorphological examinations and analysis of extrolite profiles were applied. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Byssochlamys genus includes nine species, five of which form a teleomorph, i.e. B. nivea, B. fulva, B. lagunculariae, B. zollerniae and B. spectabilis, while four are strictly asexual, P. saturatus, P. brunneolus, P. formosus and P. divaricatus. Among these, Byssochlamys nivea produces the mycotoxins patulin and byssochlamic acid and the immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid. Byssochlamys lagunculariae produces byssochlamic acid and mycophenolic acid and thus chemically resembles B. nivea. Some strains of P. saturatus produce patulin and brefeldin A, while Byssochlamys spectabilis (anamorph Paecilomyces variotii sensu stricto) produces viriditoxin. Some micro- and macromorphological characters are valuable for identification purposes, including the shape and sizes of conidia and ascospores, presence and ornamentation of chlamydospores, growth rates on MEA and CYA, acid production on CREA and the growth rates on CYA. A dichotomous key is provided for species identification based on phenotypical characters.} }