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Citation for Study 14244

Citation title: "Lophophorata monophyletic ? after all".

Study name: "Lophophorata monophyletic ? after all".

This study is part of submission 14244 (Status: Published).

Citation

Nesnidal M., Helmkampf M., Bruchhaus I., Ebersberger I., & Hausdorf B. 2013. "Lophophorata monophyletic ? after all." In: Bartholomaeus T., & W?gele J.W., eds. Deep Metazoan Phylogeny: Backbone of the Tree of Life. pp. . Berlin, Walter de Gruyter.

Authors

• Nesnidal M.
• Helmkampf M.
• Bruchhaus I.
• Ebersberger I.
• Hausdorf B.

Abstract

The lophophorates are mainly marine, sessile invertebrates that are characterized by a lophophore, a horseshoe-shaped tentacular filter apparatus surrounding the mouth opening. Lophophorata comprises three divergent lineages, Phoronida, Brachiopoda and Ectoprocta (Bryozoa). Their phylogenetic relationships to other metazoan phyla as well as to each other have long remained unclear. Based on ontological and morphological evidence, Lophophorata was long considered to be the sister or paraphyletic stem-group of Deuterostomia. In contrast, phylogenomic analyses indicated that the lophophorates are more closely related to trochozoans than to deuterostomes in accordance with previous molecular analyses. The phylogenomic studies supported monophyletic Brachiozoa including Brachiopoda and Phoronida as well as Polyzoa including Ectoprocta, Entoprocta and Cycliophora, thus rendering Lophophorata polyphyletic. In contrast to previous molecular phylogenetic studies, the phylogenomic analyses presented here indicate that Lophophorata are monophyletic and that phoronids are the sister group of ectoprocts. The conflicting results might be due to compositional bias resulting in systematic errors in former phylogenetic studies. The monophyly of Lophophorata would imply that the lophophore and the epistome are synapomorphies of the lophophorate lineages. Radial cleavage may be another apomorphy of Lophophorata. However, among phoronids spiral cleavage is known as well, indicating that the cleavage pattern has changed several times within lophophorates.

Keywords

Bryozoa, Brachiopoda, Brachiozoa, Ectoprocta, Lophophorata, Phoronida, Polyzoa, compositional bias

External links

About this resource

• Canonical resource URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S14244
• Other versions: Nexus NeXML
• Show BibTeX reference

  		@INCOLLECTION{TreeBASE2Ref22419,
  	 author = {Maximilian P.  Nesnidal and Martin  Helmkampf and Iris  Bruchhaus and Ingo  Ebersberger and Bernhard  Hausdorf},
  	 title = {Lophophorata monophyletic ? after all},
  	 year = {2013},
  	 keywords = {Bryozoa, Brachiopoda, Brachiozoa, Ectoprocta, Lophophorata, Phoronida, Polyzoa, compositional bias},
  	 doi = {},
  	 url = {http://},
  	 pmid = {},
  	 booktitle = {Deep Metazoan Phylogeny: Backbone of the Tree of Life},
  	 isbn = {},
  	 publisher = {Walter de Gruyter},
  	 address = {Berlin},
  	 editor = {Thomas  Bartholomaeus and Johann Wolfgang W?gele},
  	 pages = {},
  	 abstract = {The lophophorates are mainly marine, sessile invertebrates that are characterized by a lophophore, a horseshoe-shaped tentacular filter apparatus surrounding the mouth opening. Lophophorata comprises three divergent lineages, Phoronida, Brachiopoda and Ectoprocta (Bryozoa). Their phylogenetic relationships to other metazoan phyla as well as to each other have long remained unclear. Based on ontological and morphological evidence, Lophophorata was long considered to be the sister or paraphyletic stem-group of Deuterostomia. In contrast, phylogenomic analyses indicated that the lophophorates are more closely related to trochozoans than to deuterostomes in accordance with previous molecular analyses. The phylogenomic studies supported monophyletic Brachiozoa including Brachiopoda and Phoronida as well as Polyzoa including Ectoprocta, Entoprocta and Cycliophora, thus rendering Lophophorata polyphyletic. In contrast to previous molecular phylogenetic studies, the phylogenomic analyses presented here indicate that Lophophorata are monophyletic and that phoronids are the sister group of ectoprocts. The conflicting results might be due to compositional bias resulting in systematic errors in former phylogenetic studies. The monophyly of Lophophorata would imply that the lophophore and the epistome are synapomorphies of the lophophorate lineages. Radial cleavage may be another apomorphy of Lophophorata. However, among phoronids spiral cleavage is known as well, indicating that the cleavage pattern has changed several times within lophophorates.}
  }
  		

• Show RIS reference

  		TY  - CHAP
  ID  - 22419
  AU  - Nesnidal,Maximilian P. 
  AU  - Helmkampf,Martin 
  AU  - Bruchhaus,Iris 
  AU  - Ebersberger,Ingo 
  AU  - Hausdorf,Bernhard 
  T1  - Lophophorata monophyletic ? after all
  PY  - 2013
  KW  - Bryozoa
  KW  - Brachiopoda
  KW  - Brachiozoa
  KW  - Ectoprocta
  KW  - Lophophorata
  KW  - Phoronida
  KW  - Polyzoa
  KW  - compositional bias
  UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
  N2  - The lophophorates are mainly marine, sessile invertebrates that are characterized by a lophophore, a horseshoe-shaped tentacular filter apparatus surrounding the mouth opening. Lophophorata comprises three divergent lineages, Phoronida, Brachiopoda and Ectoprocta (Bryozoa). Their phylogenetic relationships to other metazoan phyla as well as to each other have long remained unclear. Based on ontological and morphological evidence, Lophophorata was long considered to be the sister or paraphyletic stem-group of Deuterostomia. In contrast, phylogenomic analyses indicated that the lophophorates are more closely related to trochozoans than to deuterostomes in accordance with previous molecular analyses. The phylogenomic studies supported monophyletic Brachiozoa including Brachiopoda and Phoronida as well as Polyzoa including Ectoprocta, Entoprocta and Cycliophora, thus rendering Lophophorata polyphyletic. In contrast to previous molecular phylogenetic studies, the phylogenomic analyses presented here indicate that Lophophorata are monophyletic and that phoronids are the sister group of ectoprocts. The conflicting results might be due to compositional bias resulting in systematic errors in former phylogenetic studies. The monophyly of Lophophorata would imply that the lophophore and the epistome are synapomorphies of the lophophorate lineages. Radial cleavage may be another apomorphy of Lophophorata. However, among phoronids spiral cleavage is known as well, indicating that the cleavage pattern has changed several times within lophophorates.
  L3  - 
  TI  - Deep Metazoan Phylogeny: Backbone of the Tree of Life
  SN  - ISBN 
  PB  - Walter de Gruyter
  CY  - Berlin
  ED - Bartholomaeus,Thomas 
  ED - W?gele,Johann Wolfgang
  ER  -