@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref23938, author = {Sergio Orlando Ramos and Carlos A. Perez}, title = {First report of Teratosphaeria pseudoeucalypti on Eucalyptus hybrids in Argentina}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Teratosphaeria leaf disease, Mycosphaerella lef disease, introduced pathogens}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Plant Disease}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Mycosphaerella leaf disease (MLD), also called Teratosphaeria leaf disease (TLD) are amongst the most significant foliar diseases on eucalypts, being Teratosphaeria nubilosa and T. destructans the most devastating species affecting eucalypts plantations worldwide. Recently, T. pseudoeucalypti has been described in Australia in 2010 severely affecting Eucalyptus hybrids (1). In Argentina, while surveying clonal E. grandis x E. camaldulensis hybrids trials, symptoms resembling those described for T. pseudoeucalypti were observed in Entre Ríos province in September 2013. The symptoms observed in young leaves were large yellow chlorotic spot and deformed leaves, whereas in older leaves were individual pale brown necrotic spot. Symptomatic leaves were collected and put them in moist chambers to induce fructification and sporulation. A total of 30 conidia were measured in length and width. Pure cultures were obtained according with Andjic et al. (2). The DNA extraction from three pure isolates (ERI5, ERI6 and ERI12) was performed using a CTAB protocol (3). Three genomic regions ITS, EF-1? and ?-tubulin were amplified by using specific primers ITS-3 and ITS-4, EF1-728F and EF1-986R, Bt2a and Bt2b, respectively. Sequences obtained from isolates ERI5, ERI6 and ERI12 were deposited in GenBank (accessions KP006702, KP006705 and KP006708 for ITS, KP006701, KP006704, KP006707 for EF-1? and KP006700, KP006703 and KP006706 for ?-tubulin, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, Ef-1? and ?tubulin dataset of closely related species from BLAST search was performed by using PAUP Version 4.0b10 for neighbour-joining and maximum parsimony. The aligned dataset was deposited in TreeBASE (ID 16739). The conidia were pale brown, 0-1 septate and the conidial size was (31) 37.5(43.7) µm long and (2) 2.6 (3.2) µm wide, which are a little longer than those reported for T. pseudoeucalypti. The cultural characteristics of the three isolates on MEA were similar to those described for T. pseudoeucalypti. Growth was slow reaching 10mm after 30 days on MEA at 25ºC with white mycelia in the upperside and dark color underside. The phylogenetic analysis combining the three genomic regions grouped these isolates with T. pseudoeucalypti in a well-supported clade (>90% bootstrap support). To our knowledge, this is the first report of T. pseudoeucalypti in Argentina, and represents the second report of this pathogen outside of Australia, after Uruguay (4). This disease constitutes a serious threat for development of cold tolerant Eucalyptus hybrids in Argentina. Further investigation is required to determine the extent of this disease in Argentinean forest plantations. Fortunately, differences in susceptibility have been observed in Eucalyptus hybrids from local source, which enable the selection of resistant genotypes.} }

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