@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref24841, author = {Marcin Piatek and Matthias Lutz and Nourou Yorou}, title = {A molecular phylogenetic framework for Anthracocystis (Ustilaginales), including five new combinations (inter alia for the asexual Pseudozyma flocculosa), and description of Anthracocystis grodzinskae sp. nov.}, year = {2015}, keywords = {Anthracocystis Phylogeny Plant pathogens Pseudozyma flocculosa Smut fungi Ustilaginomycotina Yeasts}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Mycological Progress}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {The genus Anthracocystis (Ustilaginales, Ustilaginaceae) was recently reinstated for grass-infecting species of smut fungi that have sori with a peridium composed of mostly fungal cells, filiform or slender columellae, persistent spore balls usually composed of dimorphic spores, and lacking sterile cells between spore balls. In this study Anthracocystis grodzinskae sp. nov. on Euclasta condylotricha is described and illustrated from the Sudanian savanna biome in Benin (West Africa). The new species is compared with two other smut fungi known on Euclasta condylotricha, namely Sporisorium euclastae and Anthracocystis ischaemoides, in Zambia. It differs from these species in a number of morphological characters that are discussed in detail. The systematic position of A. grodzinskae in relation to other species of Anthracocystis was determined in a phylogenetic analysis with a concatenated supermatrix of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit regions (LSU) of ribosomal DNA. The dataset included all representatives of Anthracocystis for which sequences were available in NCBI?s GenBank and that were linked to reliably identified source specimens, related yeast species, and unnamed yeast strains or environmental sequences. The phylogenetic hypothesis derived from the dataset is intended to serve as a backbone tree for Anthracocystis. The alignment included 19 ITS and 13 LSU sequences that represented sequences from type specimens (holotypes, isotypes or paratypes). These type sequences are recommended to be deposited in the RefSeq Targeted Loci database. This study provides the first explicit evidence that several asexual species are nested within the Anthracocystis lineage. The yeast sequences were scattered in different subclades of Anthracocystis and none of them could be directly assigned to a teleomorphic species. Only one of these yeast anamorphs was assigned to a species, namely Pseudozyma flocculosa, an important model fungus with a sequenced genome and used as a biocontrol agent against powdery mildews. In line with the current code of nomenclature, and following recent practice in merging yeast species with sexual species under the older generic name, this yeast is recombined into Anthracocystis as A. flocculosa. Additionally, new combinations are proposed for four teliosporic species (Anthracocystis andrewmitchellii, A. christineae, A. kenyana, A. warambiense).} }

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