@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref25059, author = {Chenhong Li and Shannon Corrigan and Lei Yang and Nicolas Straube and Mark Harris and Michi Hofreiter and William White and Gavin Naylor}, title = {Capture Reveals Trans Oceanic Gene Flow in Endangered River Sharks}, year = {2015}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {For over a hundred years the ?river sharks? of the genus Glyphis were only known from the type specimens of species that had been collected in the 19th century. They were widely considered extinct until populations of Glyphis-like sharks were re-discovered in remote regions of Borneo and Northern Australia at the end of the 20th Century. However, the genetic affinities between the newly discovered Glyphis-like populations and the poorly preserved, original museum type specimens have never been established. Here we present the first fully resolved, complete phylogeny of Glyphis that includes both archival type specimens and modern material. We used a highly sensitive DNA hybridization capture method to obtain complete mitochondrial genomes from all of our samples and show that three of the five described river shark species are probably conspecific and widely distributed in South East Asia. We furthermore show that there has been recent gene flow between locations that are separated by large oceanic expanses. Our data strongly suggest marine dispersal in these species, thereby overturning the widely held notion that ?river sharks? are restricted to fresh water. Rather, the species in the genus Glyphis seem to be euryhaline and may have an ecology similar to the bull shark, in which adult individuals live in the ocean while the young grow up in river habitats with reduced predation pressure. Finally, we discovered a new species within the genus Glyphis that is deeply divergent from all other lineages, underscoring the current lack of knowledge about the biodiversity and ecology of these mysterious sharks.} }

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