@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref25448, author = {Rut Caparros and Francisco Lara and Isabel Draper and Vicente Mazimpaka and Ricardo Garilleti}, title = { Integrative taxonomy sheds light on an old problem: the Ulota crispa complex (Orthotrichaceae, Musci)}, year = {2016}, keywords = {Bryophyta-Cryptic species-Disjunct distributions-Molecular phylogeny-Morphology-Sibling species-Ulota crispula-Ulota intermedia}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {The combined use of morphological and molecular analyses has proved to be very useful for resolving taxonomic complexes with hidden diversity. In bryology, however, integrative taxonomy has been rarely employed to revisit relevant old, not satisfactorily solved problems. One of these classical controversies is whether the Ulota crispa complex comprises one or three species. To elucidate this, an exhaustive morphological revision, based on numerous herbarium and fresh specimens from most of the Holarctic areas where U. crispa has been reported, together with molecular analyses using one nuclear (ITS2) and three plastid loci (trnG, trnL-trnF, atpB-rbcL) on a selection of representative specimens, have been performed. The results unambiguously point to the existence of three morphotypes, ascribable to the previously described Ulota crispa s.s., U. crispula and U. intermedia, which can be differentiated by an ample set of qualitative and quantitative morphological characters. The molecular reconstruction resulting from the analyses of these three taxa in a framework of another 10 Ulota species, plus 2 Orthotrichum and 2 Zygodon species places the samples belonging to each of these morphotypes in independent and coherent monophyletic clades, confirming that they represent three closely related but independent species. Owing to this result, the origin and development of the taxonomical debate around U. crispa and related taxa is discussed in order to glimpse the reasons of this historical confusion. The analysis of the geographic origin of the studied samples shows that all the three species are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, although with very different ranges. Ulota crispula exhibits an Amphi-Atlantic range, whereas U. crispa and U. intermedia display broader disjunct ranges, and only in Europe do the three species co-occur. A key for the distinction of the three species and updated detailed descriptions are also provided} }

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