@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref14586, author = {Rachael M. Andrie and Conrad Lamoraal Schoch and Rebecca Hedges and Joseph W. Spatafora and Lynda M. Ciuffetti}, title = {Homologs of ToxB, a host-selective toxin gene from Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, are present in the genome of sister-species Pyrenophora bromi and other members of the Ascomycota}, year = {2008}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Fungal Genetics and Biology}, volume = {45}, number = {}, pages = {363--77}, abstract = {Pyrenophora tritici-repentis requires the production of host-selective toxins (HSTs) to cause the disease tan spot of wheat, including Ptr ToxA, Ptr ToxB, and Ptr ToxC. Pyrenophora bromi, the species most closely related to P. tritici-repentis, is the causal agent of brown leaf spot of bromegrass. Because of the relatedness of P. bromi and P. tritici-repentis, we investigated the possibility that P. bromi contains sequences homologous to ToxA and/or ToxB, the products of which may be involved in its interaction with bromegrass. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed the presence of ToxB-like sequences in P. bromi and high-fidelity PCR was used to clone several of these loci, which were subsequently confirmed to be homologous to ToxB and named PbToxB. Additionally, Southern analysis revealed PbToxB to have a multicopy nature similar to ToxB. A combination of phylogenetic and Southern analyses revealed that the distribution of ToxB extends further into the Pleosporaceae, and a search of available fungal genomes identified a distant homolog in Magnaporthe grisea, causal agent of rice blast. Thus, unlike most other described HSTs, ToxB homologs are present across a broad range of plant pathogenic ascomycetes, suggesting its presence in an early ancestor of the Ascomycota.} }

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