@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref14980, author = {Z. D. Chen and Jianhua Li}, title = {Phylogenetics and biogeography of Alnus (Betulaceae) inferrred from sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS region.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Systematic Botany}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS region were used to estimate phylogenetic relationships of Alnus. Our data recognize three major clades in Alnus including subgenera Alnobetula, Clethropsis, and Alnus; subgenus Alnobetula is sister to the clade containing subgenera Clethropsis and Alnus. The eastern Asian subgenus or section Cremastogyne is embedded in the subgenus Alnus clade. A. nepalensis is more closely related to subgenus Alnus than to subgenus Clethropsis. A. maritima is allied with subgenus Clethropsis (excl. A. nepalensis). Subsessile or sessile male inflorescence and winter buds are probably plesiomorphies in Alnus, while synflorescences, one-year floral phenology, and fall-blooming may be derived features. The simple axillary female inflorescence has evolved more than once in Alnus. Central and South American species of Alnus might be migrants from eastern Asia via Bering Land Bridge and western North America. In subgenus Clethropsis, A. formosana of eastern Asia is more closely related to eastern North American species than to the other Asian species, A. nitida. The low sequence divergence within both the A. incana and A. viridis species complexes suggests their recent history of diversification in the circumpolar areas.} }

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