@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref15858, author = {Simon Hirose and Seinosuke Tanda and Levente Kiss and Banga Grigaliunaite and Mar?a Havrylenko and Susumu Takamatsu}, title = {Molecular phylogeny and evolution of the maple powdery mildew (Sawadaea Miyabe; Erysiphaceae) inferred from nuclear rDNA sequences}, year = {2005}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {109}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {To understand the phylogenetic relationships and evolution of the powdery mildew genus Sawadaea (Ascomycete: Erysiphaceae), obligate parasitic fungi of maples, we performed molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 47 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and ten 28S rDNA sequences. Seven major clades of Sawadaea, each represented by powdery mildew specimens collected from a single or a small number of closely related sections of Acer, were identified in this study, which suggests close evolutionary relationships between Acer (host) and Sawadaea (parasite). Six- to eleven-base insertion/deletion was found in the ITS1 region, and the presence or absence of the indel was consistent within the respective clades. Because the outgroup genera Podosphaera and Cystotheca have no deletions in the sites, deletion of the sequences may have occurred during the divergence of the respective clades of Sawadaea. The seven clades were divided into two geographical groups, viz., East Asian group and global group, based on the countries of collection of Sawadaea. Calculation of evolutionary timing of Sawadaea using molecular clocks shows that the divergence of different species of Acer had happened many million years before the radiation time of Sawadaea. Thus, the close evolutionary relationship between Sawadaea and Acer found in this study might not be the consequence of a true co-evolutionary process. Powdery mildew fungi belonging to the genus Sawadaea might have had jumped on Acer spp. long after the radiation of the major sections of these trees and then expanded their host ranges according to the phylogeny and sometimes the geographical distribution of Acer.} }

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