@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref18286, author = {Xiaoping Zhang and K. Bremer}, title = {A cladistic analysis of the tribe Astereae (Asteraceae) with notes on their evolution and subtribal classification.}, year = {1993}, keywords = {}, doi = {}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution}, volume = {184}, number = {}, pages = {259--283}, abstract = {The Astereae were surveyed and the genera arranged in 23 informal groups. The generic groups were used to sample representative genera for a cladistic analysis based on morphological characters. The resulting cladogram was used for discussion of evolution and subtribal classification within the tribe. The lower basic chromosome numbers x = 4, 5, 6, and 8 are interpreted as reductions from a primitive x = 9. The subtribe Grangeinae occupies a phylogenetically basal position as sister group to the rest of the tribe. This may be divided into two large groups, largely corresponding to the homochromous Solidagininae and to the heterochromous Asterinae sensu lato, i.e. including the Bellidinae, Hinterhuberinae, Conyzinae, and Baccharidinae. The latter four subtribes are derived within the Asterinae, and hence reduced to synonymy. Several intercontinental relationships indicate that a geographical subdivision of the tribe should be avoided, although in our analysis most of the groups proved to be restricted to one of five major regions.} }

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