@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref16622,
author = {Joshua R. McDill and Miriam Repplinger and Beryl B. Simpson and Joachim W. Kadereit},
title = {The Phylogeny of Linum and Linaceae subfamily Linoideae, with Implications for Their Systematics, Biogeography, and the Evolution of Heterostyly},
year = {2008},
keywords = {},
doi = {},
url = {},
pmid = {},
journal = {Systematic Botany},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
abstract = {Linum, best known because of L. usitatissimum, the source of cultivated flax and linseed oil, is the largest genus of Linaceae subf. Linoideae. Despite its commercial importance, the genus and the other seven genera in the subfamily have not been studied from a phylogenetic perspective. Likewise, the biogeographical history of this widely distributed temperate group remains conjectural. Numerous species in the family display heterostyly but the ancestral state for the group has never been determined. Here, using data from rbcL, three other chloroplast markers, and ITS with a sample of 48 taxa plus Hugonia (subf. Hugonioideae) as outgroup, we show that Linaceae and Linoideae are monophyletic. Within Linoideae, Anisadenia, Reinwardtia, and Tirpitzia are ambiguously placed as sister to the remaining five genera. This latter group consistently forms a blue-flowered (Linum sections Linum and Dasylinum) and a yellow-flowered clade (Linum sect. Linopsis, sect. Syllinum, and sect. Cathartolinum, plus the segregate genera Cliococca, Hesperolinon, Radiola, and Sclerolinon). Diversification of Linoideae appears to have begun 64-71 mya, probably in Southeast Asia. We conclude Linum arose in Eurasia from which it spread to Africa, North America, and South America. Dispersal into the New World could have been via Bering or North Atlantic land bridges, with long-distance dispersal also a possibility. Our data suggest heterostyly may be the ancestral condition in Linoideae, or even Linaceae, with repeated losses and potential regains in different lineages, although multiple independent gains of heterostyly from homostylous ancestry can not be ruled out.}
}
Citation title: "The Phylogeny of Linum and Linaceae subfamily Linoideae, with Implications for Their Systematics, Biogeography, and the Evolution of Heterostyly".
This study was previously identified under the legacy study ID S2090
(Status: Published).
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Citation title: "The Phylogeny of Linum and Linaceae subfamily Linoideae, with Implications for Their Systematics, Biogeography, and the Evolution of Heterostyly".
