@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref22742, author = {C PA De Haan and Alejandra Culebro and Thomas Schott and Joana Revez and Elke Schweda and Marja-Liisa H?nninen and Mirko Rossi}, title = {Comparative genomics of unintrogressed Campylobacter coli clades 2 and 3}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Campylobacter coli, comparative genomics, phylogeny, gamma glutamyltranspeptidase, sialyltransferase}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {BMC Genomics}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Background. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli share a multitude of risk factors associated with human gastrointestinal disease, yet their phylogeny differs significantly. C. jejuni are scattered into several lineages, with no apparent linkage, whereas C. coli cluster into three distinct phylogenetic groups (clades) of which clade 1 showed extensive genome-wide introgression with C. jejuni, yet the other two clades (2 and 3) show less than 2% of C. jejuni ancestry. We identified a C. coli strain (76339) with four novel multilocus sequence type alleles (ST-5088) and the capability to express gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT); an accessory feature in C. jejuni. Our aim was to characterize unintrogressed C. coli clades 2 and 3, using whole genome sequence analysis, to investigate the impact of horizontal gene transfer in shaping accessory and core genes pool in unintrogressed C. coli. Results. Here, we present the first fully closed C. coli clade 3 genome. We studied the phylogenomics of the reference strain 76339, which revealed that strain 76339 belonged to clade 3 of unintrogressed C. coli. In addition, a more extensive respiratory metabolism among unintrogressed C. coli strains was found. We describe putative virulence factors, such as serine proteases and an active sialyltransferase in the lipooligosaccharide locus and we propose a unique scenario for the evolution of Campylobacter ggt. Conclusions. We propose a new insight into the evolution of the accessory genome of both C. coli and C. jejuni. Also, in silico analysis of the gene content revealed that C. coli clades 2 and 3 may be more pathogenic to humans than clade 1 and may currently be underreported in human infections due to niche separation.} }

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