@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref28500, author = {Jun Chul Park and Jae-Seong Lee and Hui-Su Kim and Duck-Hyun Kim and Min-Chul Lee and Jeonghoon Han and Atsushi Hagiwara and un-Ki Hwang and Heum Gi Park}, title = {Genome-wide identification and expression of the entire 90 glutathione S-transferase (GST) subfamily genes in four rotifer Brachionus species and transcriptional modulation in response to endocrine disrupting chemicals}, year = {2018}, keywords = {Glutathione S-transferase, genome-wide identification, detoxification, rotifer, tandem duplication}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {BMC genomics}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Genome-wide identification of glutathione S-transferase (GST), a major phase II detoxification enzyme, was investigated in four different aquatic model rotifer species Brachionus koreanus, B. plicatilis, B. rotundiformis, and B. calyciflorus. GSTs are ubiquitous antioxidant enzymes that play versatile function including cellular detoxification, stress alleviation, and production of the radical conjugates. Among the four rotifers, B. rotundiformis were found with the least number of GST genes (total 19 GST genes), whereas the other three species shared 23 to 24 GST genes. Among the identified GST genes, the expansion of GST sigma classes mainly occurs through tandem duplication, resulting in tandem-arrayed gene clusters on the chromosomes. Overall, the number of genes discovered in this study was highest in the sigma class, zeta, alpha, and omega in the descending order. With integration of phylogenetic analysis and xenobiotic-mediated GST mRNA expression patterns along with previous enzymatic activities, the functional divergence among species-specific GST genes was clearly observed. This study covers full identification of GST superfamily and their critical role in marine environmental ecotoxicology.} }

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